Table 1.
PTMs regulating physiological ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granule dynamics.
| PTM | Protein | RNP Granule | Assembly or Disassembly | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arginine methylation | G3BP1 | SG | Disassembly | [86,87] |
| UBAP2L | Disassembly | [19,84] | ||
| Lsm4 | P-body | Assembly | [88] | |
| SMEDWI-3 | Chromatoid body | Assembly | [89] | |
| Phosphorylation | VCP | SG | Disassembly | [92] |
| G3BP1 | Disassembly | [93] | ||
| Gle1 | Assembly | [91] | ||
| eIF2α | Assembly | [11] | ||
| GRB7 | Disassembly | [94] | ||
| PSF, p54nrb1 | Paraspeckle | Assembly | [97,98] | |
| Acetylation | G3BP1 | SG | Disassembly | [99] |
| DDX3X | Disassembly | [100] | ||
| PARylation | TDP-43, hnRNPA1 | SG | Delayed assembly and disassembly (low dynamics) | [103] |
| Phosphorylation and ubiquitination | Dcp1A | P-body | Assembly | [95] |
| Ubiquitination | G3BP1 | SG | Disassembly | [105] |
| Neddylation | SRSF3 | SG | Assembly | [106] |
| O-GlcNAcylation | RACK1, prohibitin-2 | SG | Assembly | [102] |
| SUMOylation | PML | PML body | Assembly | [73,112] |
| Hypusine modification | eIF5A | SG | Assembly | [111] |