Table 1.

10-item module for the ECD index in the MICS questionnaire for children aged 3–4 years [5,31,32].

10-Item Module	Four Domains of Developmental Achievement	ECD Index
Can (name) identify or name at least ten alphabets?	Cognitive (literacy-numeracy): children are identified as being developmentally on track based on whether a) they can identify/name at least ten alphabets, b) they can read at least four simple, popular words, and c) they know the name and recognize the symbols of all numbers from 1 to 10. If at least two of these are true, then the child is considered developmentally on track in the cognitive domain.	A child who presents with developmental achievement in at least three of the four domains was then considered “appropriate” for the early child development index.
Can (name) read at least four simple, popular words?
Does (name) know the name and recognize the symbol of all numbers from 1 to 10?
Can (name) pick up a small object with two fingers, such as a stick or a rock from the ground	Physical: if the child can pick up a small object with two fingers, such as a stick or rock from the ground and/or the mother/caretaker does not indicate that the child is sometimes too sick to play, then the child is regarded as being developmentally on track in the physical domain.
Is (name) sometimes too sick to play?
Does (name) get along well with other children?	Social (social-emotional): children are considered to be developmentally on track if two of the following are true: a) the child gets along well with other children, b) the child does not kick, bite, or hit other children, and c) the child does not get distracted easily. Then the child is considered developmentally on track in this domain.
Does (name) kick, bite, or hit other children or adults?
Does (name) get distracted easily?
Does (name) follow simple directions on how to do something correctly	Learning: if the child follows simple directions on how to do something correctly and/or when given something to do and can do it independently, then the child is considered developmentally on track in this domain.
When given something to do, is (name) able to do it independently?