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. 2022 Jun 24;11(13):1878. doi: 10.3390/foods11131878

Table 5.

Fatty acid profile at the beginning (T0) and after 60 (T60) days of trial in raw milk samples obtained from ewes fed a standard diet (Ctrl) and grape pomace diet (GP+).

T0 T60
Ctrl (n = 23) GP+ (n = 23) p Ctrl (n = 23) GP+ (n = 23) p
Fatty Acids (%)
C4:0 2.69 ± 0.37 2.60 ± 0.33 ns 3.13 ± 0.20 3.41 ± 0.28 ns
C6:0 3.04 ± 0.35 2.85 ± 0.33 ns 3.31 ± 0.15 3.24 ± 0.24 ns
C8:0 3.63 ± 0.33 3.39 ± 0.35 ns 3.73 ± 0.10 3.38 ± 0.24 ns
C10:0 13.14 ± 0.86 12.12 ± 0.95 ns 13.20 ± 0.27 11.26 ± 0.64 ns
C12:0 7.98 ± 0.36 7.17 ± 0.39 ns 7.24 ± 0.26 6.12 ± 0.34 <0.05
C14:0 13.17 ± 0.28 13.14 ± 0.34 ns 14.21 ± 0.27 13.38 ± 0.49 <0.05
C15:0 1.12 ± 0.05 1.13 ± 0.04 a ns 1.08 ± 0.02 0.92 ± 0.04 b <0.01
C16:0 26.22 ± 0.86 27.69 ± 0.95 ns 26.47 ± 0.60 27.89 ± 1.19 ns
C17:0 0.44 ± 0.03 0.50 ± 0.04 ns 0.46 ± 0.02 0.42 ± 0.03 ns
C18:0 5.50 ± 0.43 6.19 ± 0.42 ns 6.23 ± 0.24 6.06 ± 0.63 ns
C14:1, c9 0.44 ± 0.02 0.48 ± 0.02 a ns 0.51 ± 0.02 0.38 ± 0.02 b <0.001
C16:1, c9 1.21 ± 0.05 1.27 ± 0.05 ns 1.22 ± 0.04 1.38 ± 0.10 ns
C18:1, t11 1.01 ± 0.60 0.42 ± 0.08 ns 0.45 ± 0.05 1.76 ± 0.92 ns
C18:1, c9 11.69 ± 0.77 12.79 ± 0.92 ns 11.34 ± 0.49 12.30 ± 0.79 ns
C18:1, c11 0.13 ± 0.03 0.10 ± 0.01 ns 0.08 ± 0.01 0.09 ± 0.02 ns
CLA 1.13 ± 0.08 1.18 ± 0.10 ns 1.10 ± 0.05 1.20 ± 0.11 ns
C 18:2, c9, c11 3.37 ± 0.44 2.97 ± 0.21 ns 2.42 ± 0.14 3.23 ± 0.46 ns
C 18:3, c9, c12, c15 0.77 ± 0.06 0.79 ± 0.06 ns 0.57 ± 0.03 0.55 ± 0.05 ns
Others 3.31 ± 0.08 3.22 ± 0.05 ns 3.26 ± 0.08 3.02 ± 0.11 ns
SFA 76.94 ± 1.26 76.78 ± 1.23 ns 79.06 ± 0.75 76.09 ± 1.44 ns
MUFA 14.48 ± 0.79 15.06 ± 0.91 ns 13.59 ± 0.55 15.91 ± 0.93 <0.05
PUFA 5.27 ± 0.53 4.93 ± 0.35 ns 4.09 ± 0.53 4.98 ± 1.74 ns
SCSFA 5.73 ± 0.72 5.45 ± 0.66 ns 6.43 ± 0.34 6.65 ± 0.49 ns
MCSFA 39.05 ± 1.59 36.96 ± 1.79 ns 39.45 ± 0.64 35.06 ± 1.38 <0.01
LCSFA 32.16 ± 1.26 34.37 ± 1.30 ns 33.17 ± 0.52 34.37 ± 1.35 ns
C14 Index 32.38 ± 0.17 31.81 ± 0.19 ns 35.48 ± 0.17 28.17 ± 0.24 <0.05
C16 Index 44.56 ± 0.21 44.01 ± 0.13 ns 44.30 ± 0.16 46.62 ± 0.19 ns
C18 Index 68.24 ± 0.66 a 67.32 ± 0.63 ns 64.45 ± 0.56 b 67.71 ± 1.41 <0.05
CLA Index 68.49 ± 0.59 74.46 ± 3.67 ns 71.83 ± 2.63 63.21 ± 7.82 ns
AI 4.64 ± 0.37 4.59 ± 0.33 ns 5.25 ± 0.31 4.45 ± 0.44 ns
TI 8.30 ± 0.36 8.04 ± 0.08 ns 7.53 ± 0.15 7.92 ± 0.29 ns

Data are reported as mean relative percentage of total FAMEs ± SE. CLA = Conjugated Linoleic Acids; SFA = Saturated Fatty Acids; MUFA = Monounsaturated Fatty Acids; PUFA = Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; SCSFA = Short Chain Saturated Fatty Acids (C4:0-C6:0), MCSFA = Medium Chain Saturated Fatty Acids (C8:0-C15:0); LCSFA = Long Chain Saturated Fatty Acids (C16:0-C18:0); C14 Index = [(C14:1, c9)/(C14:0 + C14:1, c9)]*100; C16 Index = [(C16:1, c9)/(C16:0 + C16:1, c9)]*100; C18 Index = [(C18:1, c9)/(C18:0 + C18:1, c9)]*100; CLA Index = (CLA/(C18:1, t11 + CLA)]*100; AI = Atherogenic Index; TI = Thrombogenic Index. a,b Means in the same row with different uppercase superscript letters are significantly different by time (p < 0.05). ns = not significant (p > 0.05).