Table 3.
Upregulated gene sets in SAT of patients with T2D analysed with GSEA.
| Name | Database | Size | ES | NES | NOM p-Value |
FDR q-Value |
FWER p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epithelial mesenchymal transition | H | 196 | −0.54 | −2.59 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Initial triggering of complement | R | 33 | −0.71 | −2.43 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| CD22 mediated BCR regulation | R | 20 | −0.77 | −2.37 | <0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 |
| Extracellular matrix organization | R | 266 | −0.47 | −2.32 | <0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0004 |
| Scavenging of heme from plasma | R | 26 | −0.71 | −2.31 | <0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0004 |
| Creation of C4 and C2 activators | R | 27 | −0.70 | −2.31 | <0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0004 |
| Molecules associated with elastic fibres | R | 36 | −0.64 | −2.27 | <0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.0012 |
| Elastic fibre formation | R | 41 | −0.62 | −2.27 | <0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.0014 |
| Complement cascade | R | 66 | −0.56 | −2.26 | <0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.0020 |
| FCERI mediated MAPK activation | R | 46 | −0.60 | −2.24 | <0.0001 | 0.0003 | 0.0024 |
| Assembly of collagen fibrils and other multimeric structures | R | 54 | −0.58 | −2.24 | <0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.0024 |
| Antigen activates B-cell receptor BCR leading to generation of second messengers | R | 42 | −0.61 | −2.23 | <0.0001 | 0.0003 | 0.0030 |
| ECM proteoglycans | R | 73 | −0.54 | −2.22 | <0.0001 | 0.0004 | 0.0048 |
| FCGR activation | R | 26 | −0.68 | −2.21 | <0.0001 | 0.0004 | 0.0052 |
| Collagen formation | R | 74 | −0.54 | −2.21 | <0.0001 | 0.0004 | 0.0052 |
| Degradation of the extracellular matrix | R | 121 | −0.48 | −2.17 | <0.0001 | 0.0006 | 0.0086 |
| Collagen degradation | R | 57 | −0.54 | −2.13 | <0.0001 | 0.0011 | 0.0174 |
| MET activates PTK2 signaling | R | 26 | −0.65 | −2.13 | <0.0001 | 0.0011 | 0.0184 |
| Chondroitin sulfate dermatan sulfate metabolism | R | 40 | −0.59 | −2.13 | <0.0001 | 0.0011 | 0.0188 |
| Syndecan 4 pathway | P | 30 | −0.63 | −2.13 | <0.0001 | 0.0011 | 0.0192 |
| Collagen biosynthesis and modifying enzymes | R | 53 | −0.55 | −2.12 | <0.0001 | 0.0011 | 0.0216 |
| Syndecan 1 pathway | P | 45 | −0.57 | −2.12 | <0.0001 | 0.0011 | 0.0218 |
| Integrin cell surface interactions | R | 79 | −0.51 | −2.12 | <0.0001 | 0.0010 | 0.0218 |
| Parasite infection | R | 71 | −0.52 | −2.12 | <0.0001 | 0.0010 | 0.0220 |
| Integrin1 pathway | P | 61 | −0.53 | −2.11 | <0.0001 | 0.0012 | 0.0262 |
Shown are the significantly upregulated gene sets in SAT of patients with T2D compared to obese controls (FWER < 0.05). Ranking of the gene sets was done using GSEA 4.2.2. Pathway databases: H, Hallmark; R, Reactome; P, PID; ES, enrichment score; NES, normalized enrichment score; NOM, nominal; FDR, false-discovery rate; FWER, family-wise error rate.