Table 2.
Mean values and p-value for each item or construct of the questionnaire and label reading percentages for the participants who did and did not follow a diet.
| Construct | Participants Who Followed a Diet (n = 298) | Participants Who Did Not Follow a Diet (n = 175) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| NK | 12.1 | 10.9 | 0.0018 |
| ATFL | 4.5 | 4.4 | 0.1860 |
| NR.1 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 0.0026 |
| NR.2 | 2.6 | 3.2 | <0.0001 |
| NR.3 | 2.4 | 2.9 | 0.0027 |
| NR.4 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 0.0061 |
| NR.5 | 2.7 | 3.5 | <0.0001 |
| NR.6 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 0.0005 |
| NR.7 | 3.0 | 3.7 | <0.0001 |
| NR.8 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 0.0471 |
| NR.9 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 0.0105 |
| FCQ Health | 6.0 | 5.8 | 0.0803 |
| FCQ Mood | 5.8 | 5.8 | 0.9534 |
| FCQ Easy | 5.1 | 5.1 | 0.8165 |
| FCQ Proximity | 5.7 | 5.6 | 0.3078 |
| FCQ Sensory appeal | 5.8 | 5.9 | 0.7227 |
| FCQ Natural content | 5.5 | 5.3 | 0.0222 |
| FCQ Cheap | 3.9 | 3.8 | 0.4366 |
| FCQ Value for money | 5.7 | 5.7 | 0.9926 |
| FCQ Weight control | 5.4 | 4.8 | <0.0001 |
| FCQ Familiarity | 5.1 | 5.0 | 0.2443 |
| Fiber impact | 18.8 | 14.7 | <0.0001 |
| Sugar impact | 24.4 | 19.1 | <0.0001 |
| Saturated fats impact | 23.6 | 20.1 | <0.0001 |
| Salt impact | 19.0 | 14.4 | <0.0001 |
| Mineral impact | 15.8 | 12.3 | <0.0001 |
| Carbohydrates impact | 20.5 | 16.5 | <0.0001 |
| Cholesterol impact | 20.3 | 16.8 | 0.0002 |
| Total fat impact | 23.3 | 20.0 | 0.0003 |
| Protein impact | 19.7 | 15.4 | <0.0001 |
| Caloric impact | 23.6 | 19.4 | <0.0001 |
| Vitamin impact | 16.2 | 12.7 | <0.0001 |
| * Occasional reading | 4.4% | 17.6% | <0.0001 |
| * Frequent reading | 68.8% | 56.8% | 0.0085 |
NK: Nutrition knowledge; ATFL: Attitude Toward Food Labels; NR: Reasons for Never Reading the Nutrition Information; FCQ: Food Choice Questionnaire. * The first item of Label-Reading Behavior: occasional reading (options: never and rarely) and frequent reading (options: often and always).