Table 1.
Clinical characteristics, reaction severity, drugs involved, and skin test results for patients included in the study, and statistical comparisons of the Spanish and Italian study groups.
| Spain (N = 139) |
Italy (N = 250) | p 1 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IR) age, years | 45 (34–55) | 49 (36.75–61) | 0.0088 | |
| Gender, % female | 72/139 (51.8%) |
166/250 (66.4%) | 0.0065 | |
| Reaction severity, N° (%) patients |
Grade 1 | 35/139 (25.2%) |
70/250 (28.0%) | ns |
| Grade 2 | 67/139 (48.2%) |
126/250 (50.4%) | ns | |
| Grade 3 | 37/139 (26.6%) |
54/250 (21.6%) | ns | |
| Drug causing allergic reaction, N° (%) patients |
Penicillin | 4/139 (2.9%) |
0/250 (0.0%) |
- |
| AX/AX-CLV | 134/139 (96.4%) |
239/250 (95.6%) | ns | |
| AMP/BAC | 1/139 (0.7%) |
11/250 (4.4%) |
- | |
| Positive N° (%) skin tests |
PPL/BP-OL, MDM/MD | 19/139 (13.7%) | 117/250 (46.8%) | <0.0001 |
| AX | 129/139 (92.8%) | 241/250 (96.4%) | ns | |
| Median (IR) time interval reaction/study, days | 180 (90–330) | 60 (30–180) | <0.0001 | |
1 Differences were considered statistically significant if p ≤ 0.05. AMP: ampicillin; AX: amoxicillin; BAC: bacampicillin; BP-OL: benzylpenicilloyl-octa-L-lysine; CLV: clavulanic acid; MD: minor determinant; MDM: minor determinant mixture; ns: not significant; PPL: penicilloyl-poly-L-lysine; IR: interquartile range.