Table 1.
DNA glycosylases from humans and E. coli.
| Enzyme | Substrate Specificity | Structural Superfamily |
|---|---|---|
| Human | ||
| UNG | U in single- and double-stranded DNA, any context | α/β-fold |
| TDG | T, U, 3,N4-ethenoC and oxidized/deaminated derivatives of 5-methylC opposite to G in XpG dinucleotides | α/β-fold |
| SMUG1 | U in single- and double-stranded DNA, any context | α/β-fold |
| MBD4 | T and U opposite to G in XpG dinucleotides | HhH |
| NTHL1 | Oxidized pyrimidines | HhH |
| MUTYH | A and 2-OH-A opposite to G or 8-oxoguanine | HhH |
| OGG1 | 8-oxoguanine and FapyG opposite to C | HhH |
| MPG | Ring-alkylated purines, hypoxanthine, 1,N6-ethenoA | FMT_C |
| NEIL1 | Oxidized pyrimidines and purines, ring-open N7-alkylated G modifications, psoralen cross-links | H2TH |
| NEIL2 | Oxidized pyrimidines and purines in bubble DNA | H2TH |
| NEIL3 | Oxidized pyrimidines and purines in single-stranded DNA | H2TH |
| E. coli | ||
| Ung | U in single- and double-stranded DNA, any context | α/β-fold |
| Mug | U and 3,N4-ethenoC opposite to G | α/β-fold |
| Nth | Oxidized pyrimidines | HhH |
| MutY | A opposite to G or 8-oxoguanine | HhH |
| AlkA | Ring-alkylated purines, hypoxanthine, 1,N6-ethenoA | HhH |
| Tag | Ring-alkylated purines | HhH 1 |
| Fpg | 8-oxoguanine opposite to C | H2TH |
| Nei | Oxidized pyrimidines | H2TH |
1 Tag is distally related to the HhH group, lacking several key structural elements present in other superfamily members.