Table 2.
Single-cell and spatial metabolomics in algae, A. thaliana, and other plants.
| Name | Treatment | Instrument | Cell Type | Metabolites | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chlamydomonas reinhardtii | Herbicide | MALDI-MS | Single-cell | Lipids; DGDG, TAG, DGTS | [72] |
| Light/dark | GC-TOF-MS; UPLC | Single-cell | Lipids, nucleic acids, intermediates of glycolysis, TCA metabolites, polyamines | [201] | |
| Euglena gracilis | Light/Dark | GC-MS | Chloroplast | Amino acids, lipid metabolites | [207] |
| Haematococcus pluvialis | Melatonin | LC-MS | Single-cell | Carotenogenic, astaxanthin, and lipids | [208] |
| High light, fulvic acid, and N starvation |
LC-MS/MS | Single-cell | Astaxanthin, carbohydrates, lipids | [169] | |
| H. pluviali, Coscinodiscus granii | None * | LDI-HR-MS | Cell wall, single-cell | Photosynthetic pigments | [209] |
| Zygnema sp., | None * | GC-MS | Single-cell | Chlorophylls | [210] |
| Fucus vesiculosus | Various seasons |
UPLC-MSN | Single-cell | Chlorophylls, phlorotannin, lipids, and carotenoids |
[77] |
| A. thaliana | None * | LMD- LC-MS/MS | Epidermis, cortex, vascular bundles and pith of flowering stem |
IAA, JA | [211] |
| None * | LAAPPI-MS/MS | Trichome, single cells, interveinal lamina |
Flavonol glycosides, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, galactolipids, and glycosphingolipids | [212] | |
| Hormone, Haloperonospora |
NanoLC ESI-MS/MS | Mesophyll, epidermal, and stomatal guard cells | Phytohormones | [200] | |
| Single-walled carbon nanohorn (SWCNH) |
GC-MS | Root tip, stem cells | Auxin, serine, methionine, 3,5,7-trihydroxy-4′-methoxy flavone, citraconic acid, hypoxanthine, cellotetraose, 3,4′,5,6,7-methoxyflavone, serotonin, 2,3,4-tri methoxy mandelic acid, epicatechin, furfuryl alcohol, glycolic acid, and ß-sitosterol |
[213] | |
| Dark | GC-MS | Leaf mitochondria | Chlorophylls, proline |
[214] | |
|
Allium cepa, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii |
None | LMD-LVC-MS/MS | Epidermis of A. cepa and microalgal cells | [202] | |
|
Allium cepa, Fittonia argyroneura |
None | LAESI-MS/MS |
F. argyroneura leaves, epidermal layers of A. cepa |
Acids, carbohydrates, catechol, phthalide, lysine |
[215] |
| Catharanthus roseus | None | MSI | Leaf spatial imaging | Terpenoid indole alkaloids | [68] |
| Glycine max | Soil bacteria, Bradyrhizobium japonicum | 21T-FTICR-MS; fLAESI-MS | Root nodule cells | lipids, oligosaccharides, and soyasaponins | [76] |
|
Gossypium hirsutum L. |
Shading | UPLC-MS/MS | Cotton fibers cells | Amino acids and derivatives, phenylpropanoids, nucleotides and derivatives, lipids, organic acids |
[216] |
| Lobelia cardinalis | None | CZE-MS | Hairy root cell cultures | Alkaloids | [205] |
| Oryza sativa | High night temperature | PPESI-MS | Inner endosperm cells | Sugars; malic acid, glutamic acid, ascorbic acid, and Hexose |
[203] |
| Picea abies | None | picoPPESI-MS/MS | Parenchymal ray cells, tracheid of the xylem | Organic acids, sugars, most amino acids, glutathione, and abietic acid; coniferin, p-coumaryl alcohol 4-glucoside, and quinic acid |
[217] |
| Sonchus arvenis | Dolomite | GC-MS; TLC | Leaf callus, sclerenchyma, parenchyma cells | Pelargonic acid, decanoic acid, and hexadecanoic acid | [206] |
| Vitis vinifera | None | NanoLC-MS/MS | Leaf apoplast | Lipids, phenolic metabolites, and carbohydrates | [218] |
| Zea mays | None | MALDI-MSI; GC-MS |
Thylakoid membranes, mesophyll, and bundle sheath cells | 600 metabolites: primary amines, carbonyl groups, carboxylic acids | [219] |
* None indicates no treatment, and the plant metabolites were studied under normal growth conditions. Please refer to Table 1 for some abbreviations. Methods: MALDI-MS: Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry; GC-TOF-MS: Gas chromatography time-of-flight MS; UPLC: Ultra performance liquid chromatography; GC: Gas chromatography; LC-MS/MS: Liquid chromatography tandem MS; LDI-HR-MS: Laser desorption ionization high-resolution MS; LMD: Laser microdissection; LAAPPI: Laser ablation atmospheric pressure photoionization; NanoESI: Nanoelectrospray ionization; LMD-LVC-MS/MS: LMD-liquid vortex capture tandem MS; LAESI: Laser ablation electrospray ionization; MSI: Mass spectrometry imaging; 21T-FTICR-MS: 21 tesla (T) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS; fLAESI: Optical fiber-based laser ablation electrospray ionization; CZE-MS: Capillary zone electrophoresis MS; PPESI: Pressure-probe electrospray-ionization; picoPPESI: Picolitre pressure-probe electrospray-ionization; TLC: Thin layer chromatography; NanoLC: Nanoflow LC; QTOF: Quadrupole time of flight; MSn: Multiple stages of MS; DGTS: diacylglyceryltrimethylhomo-Ser; DGDG: digalactosyldiacylglycerol; TAG: triacylglycerol; TCA: Tricarboxylic acid cycle; JA: Jasmonates; IAA: indole-3-acetic acid; UV: ultraviolet; IAA: indole-3-acetic acid.