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. 2022 Jun 28;23(13):7200. doi: 10.3390/ijms23137200

Figure 5.

Figure 5

GBM EV induced necrotic cell death in neurons (A). Fluorescent microscopy shows higher neuronal death induced by GBM EVs. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with EVs for one hour. Cell death was monitored by propidium iodide. A higher number of neuron death was seen in GBM EVs (A-a) as compared to control EVs from an epithelial cell line (A-b). (B). GBM EV did not cause apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with GBM, MMA, or HC EVs for four hours, and apoptosis was measured by luminescence. Only minimal luminescence signals were detected in GBM, MMA or HC EV-treated cells, and there are no significant differences among different EVs (n.s., p > 0.1, n = 6 for GBM EV, n = 8 for MMA EV, n = 5 for HC EV). (C). GBM plasma EVs induced higher necrosis as compared to control EVs. SH-SY5Y cells were incubated with plasma EVs (2 mg/mL, GBM EV=14; MMA EV = 8; HC EV = 8) for 4 h. The necrotic cell death was monitored by PI red fluorescent reading. There were significantly higher levels of necrosis in GBM-EV-treated neurons compared to MMA EV and HC-EV-treated cells (p = 0.002 and p = 0.008, respectively). Scale bar = 200 mm for (A).