CDK1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration of HNSCC cells. (A,E) CDK1 was overexpressed or knocked down in UM1 or Cal27 cells with lentiviral infection, and the resultant stable cell lines were identified by means of IB analysis. (B,F) Indicated stable cells were subjected to transwell assay. Representative crystal violet staining images of migrated cells on the underside were shown. (C,G) Quantification of effects of CDK1 overexpression or knockdown on migration ability based on transwell assays (means ± SD, n = 3). ***, p < 0.001; *, p < 0.05. (D,H) UM1 cell lines with CDK1 overexpression or knockdown were subjected to RT-qPCR analysis to measure mRNA levels of N-cadherin and vimentin (normalized with GAPDH). The qPCR data were presented as means ± SD (n = 3). ***, p < 0.001; **, p < 0.01; *, p < 0.05.