Table 3.
Active Ingredient | ROR | 95% CI | Number of Cases (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Zolpidem | 387.6 | 331.2–453.7 | 243 (35.9) |
Sodium Oxybate | 204.2 | 172.4–241.8 | 185 (27.4) |
Suvorexant | 67.3 | 38.0–119.2 | 12 (1.8) |
Quetiapine | 53.3 | 43.0–66.1 | 97 (14.3) |
Zopiclone | 43.6 | 24.6–77.2 | 12 (1.8) |
Armodafinil | 40.8 | 16.9–98.4 | 5 (0.7) |
Amfetamine; Dexamfetamine | 33.4 | 17.9–62.4 | 10 (1.5) |
Temazepam | 32.7 | 13.6–78.9 | 5 (0.7) |
Trazodone | 25.5 | 15.0–43.4 | 14 (2.1) |
Modafinil | 24.0 | 7.7–74.8 | 3 (0.4) |
Promethazine | 21.5 | 10.2–45.2 | 7 (1.0) |
Tizanidine | 21.4 | 8.0–57.2 | 4 (0.6) |
Lisdexamfetamine | 20.3 | 9.6–42.8 | 7 (1.0) |
Ziprasidone | 16.9 | 7.6–37.7 | 6 (0.9) |
Eszopiclone | 15.6 | 5.8–41.6 | 4 (0.6) |
Aripiprazole | 15.4 | 10.2–23.1 | 24 (3.6) |
Buspirone | 13.8 | 4.4–43.0 | 3 (0.4) |
Pramipexole | 13.4 | 5.0–35.9 | 4 (0.6) |
Topiramate | 13.4 | 7.2–25.0 | 10 (1.5) |
Ethanol | 11.8 | 5.6–24.8 | 7 (1.0) |
Vortioxetine | 11.6 | 4.3–30.9 | 4 (0.6) |
Duloxetine | 11.3 | 7.1–18.1 | 18 (2.7) |
Escitalopram | 10.3 | 5.4–20.0 | 9 (1.3) |
Phenobarbital | 10.3 | 3.3–31.9 | 3 (0.4) |
Lurasidone | 10.3 | 3.3–31.9 | 3 (0.4) |
Phentermine | 10.2 | 4.3–24.7 | 5 (0.7) |
Clonazepam | 9.9 | 5.1–19.2 | 9 (1.3) |
Venlafaxine | 8.8 | 5.2–15.0 | 14 (2.1) |
Hydrochlorothiazide | 7.4 | 3.1–17.8 | 5 (0.7) |
Mirtazapine | 7.0 | 2.9–16.9 | 5 (0.7) |
Olanzapine | 6.6 | 3.6–12.0 | 11 (1.6) |
Alprazolam | 5.6 | 2.7–11.8 | 7 (1.0) |
Fluoxetine | 5.0 | 2.6–9.6 | 9 (1.3) |
Methylphenidate | 4.6 | 1.9–11.0 | 5 (0.7) |
Sertraline | 4.3 | 2.2–8.7 | 8 (1.2) |
ROR: Reporting Odds Ratio; CI: Confidence Interval.