Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients with HF with/without history of COPD.
| Variable | HF with COPD (n = 812) |
HF without COPD (n = 2288) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) mean ± SD | 77.5 ± 10.1 | 79.4 ± 11.1 | 0.001 |
| Sex (male), N (%) | 575 (70.8%) | 955 (41.7%) | 0.001 |
| NYHA III-IV, N (%) | 233/802 (29.1%) | 486/2241 (21.7%) | 0.001 |
| LVEF, mean ± SD | 50.08 ± 16.5 | 51.26 ± 15.9 | 0.65 |
| NTpro-BNP pg/mL, mean | 7910.4 | 8550.2 | 0.4 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Charlson comorbidity index mean ± SD | 4.49 ± 1.76 | 3.24 ± 1.8 | 0.0001 |
| Hypertension N (%) | 694/809 (85.8%) | 1936/2283 (84.8%) | 0.528 |
| Diabetes N (%) | 397/810 (49%) | 1010/2279 (44.3%) | 0.022 |
| Ischemic heart disease N (%) | 271/804 (33.7%) | 713/2257 (31.6%) | 0.271 |
| Atrial fibrillation N (%) | 470/809 (58.1%) | 1286/2281 (56.4%) | 0.409 |
| Valve disease N (%) | 176/377 (37.8%) | 1012/2194 (46.1%) | 0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease N (%) | 410/807 (50.8%) | 1041/2270 (45.9%) | 0.017 |
| Cerebrovascular disease N (%) | 164/797 (20.6%) | 498/2269 (21.9%) | 0.453 |
| Anemia N (%) | 382/806 (47.4%) | 1118/2274 (48.7%) | 0.390 |
Legend: NYHA: New York Heart Association functional class, LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The diagnosis of acute HF was based on 2016 ESC clinical practice guidelines. COPD was considered if the patient presented the diagnosis of the disease according to their medical history. The diagnosis of anemia was established according to the definition of the World Health Organization (<13 g/L hemoglobin for men and <12 g/L hemoglobin for women). Chronic renal failure was defined as a persistent glomerular filtration rate below 60 mL/min/according to MDRD at least three months.