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. 2022 Jun 25;27(13):4090. doi: 10.3390/molecules27134090

Table 2.

Clinical studies based on mushroom polysaccharides-based mycotherapy.

Mushroom sps Type of Cancer Polysaccharide Details of Clinical Study
Agaricus bisporus Ovarian Mushroom polysaccharide Correlated mushroom intake and epithelial ovarian cancer in 500 participants, an observational study
AndosanTM, a product made from the mycelium of Agaricus blazei, as well as smaller amounts of Grifola frondosa (3%) and Hericium erinaceus (15%), Various cancers β-glucans Tested in various clinical trials, demonstrating antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antiallergic action
AndosanTM, a product made from the mycelium of Agaricus blazei, as well as smaller amounts of Grifola frondosa (3%) and Hericium erinaceus (15%), Multiple myeloma undergoing high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) β-glucans AndosanTM extract was orally administered (60 mL/d) for seven weeks to patients, the overall survival increased notably
Lentinula edodes Esophageal cancer Lentinan Lentinan + RT treated, decrease in RT toxicity
Lentinula edodes Gastric cancer Lentinan Lentinan + XELOX chemotherapy; enhanced XELOX chemotherapy response rate and performance status, decreased CT toxicity
Lentinula edodes Unresectable/recurrent gastric cancer Lentinan Lentinan + CT the MST was 139 days and CT alone given then MST was 114 days; increase in survival rate and response rate
Lentinula edodes Colorectal cancer Lentinan Lentinan + FOLFOX chemotherapy combined gave better response rate, performance status, and decreased CT toxicity
Lentinula edodes Advanced (gastrointestinal, liver and lung) cancer Lentinan Lentinan + CT; enhanced survival rate, response rate, PoD, decreased CT toxicity
Lentinula edodes Lung cancer Lentinan Lentinan + CT combined the resp. rate was 56.9% while for CT alone the resp. rate was 43.3%; lentinan led to higher response rate
Lentinula edodes Non-small cell lung cancer Lentinan Lentinan + CT -better response rate, decreased CT toxicity
Lentinula edodes Malignant pleural effusion Lentinan Lentinan (intrapleural infusion) + CT led to enhanced response rate and QoL, decreased CT toxicity
Coriolus versicolor Gastric, oesophageal, colorectal, breast and lung cancers Protein bound polysaccharide PSK, Krestin Immunostimulant, inhibits tumor growth Orally administered
Coriolus versicolor Gastric, esophageal, colorectal, breast and lung cancers Polysaccharide peptide PSP Immunostimulant, inhibit tumor growth Oral administration
Grifola frondosa Lung, lingual, breast, gastric, or liver cancer D-fraction (β-glucan) Inhibition of the progression of metastasis and reduced expression of (carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 15–3 (CA15–3) and CA19–9) tumor markers
Schizophyllum commune Gastric, cervical cancer Polysaccharide SPG, Sonifilan Immunostimulant, intratumorally administered
Schizophyllum commune Recurrent and inoperable gastric cancer Schizophyllan combined with conventional chemotherapy (tegafur or mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil 367 patients studied with positive results
Schizophyllum commune Cervical cancer Schizophyllan in combination with radiotherapy, Schizophyllan consistently improved the overall survival of stage II cervical cancer patients
Grifola frondosa Hepatocellular carcinomas D-fraction plus Maitake 11 out of 15 hepatocellular carcinomas treated with a combination of D-fraction plus Maitake, showed an increased overall rate of 12–28%
Ganoderma lucidum Lung cancer Ganopoly® (a polysaccharide product from G. lucidum Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial was performed in 68 patients; improvement in immunological functions, with significant increases in plasma IL-2, IL-6, and IFN-γ concentrations, Cd56+, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) responses and NK activity; significant decreases in IL-1 and TNF-α

Legend: CT = chemotherapy; MST = median survival time; PoD = progression of disease; RT = radiotherapy.