Table 2.
Effects of D. lutheri on inflammatory status.
| Parameters | CTRL | HF | HF-Dia |
|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma parameters | |||
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 26.83 ± 2.49 | 51.80 *** ± 7.83 | 56.87 ***† ± 8.27 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 22.13 ± 2.96 | 41.08 *** ± 3.30 | 42.11 *** ± 5.54 |
| IL-4 (pg/mL) | 41.11 ± 6.37 | 25.87 ***± 6.54 | 44.70 ***† ± 6.32 |
| Adipocyte parameter | |||
| IL-10 (ng/mL) | 0.73 ± 0.11 | 0.46 *** ± 0.08 | 0.73 ***† ± 0.10 |
Effects of D. lutheri supplementation on inflammatory and anti-inflammatory biomarkers. The plasma concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-4; IL-10 is the parameter measured in adipose tissue. CTRL, control group; HF, high-fat diet; HF-Dia, high-fat diet supplemented with 12% of D. lutheri; IL-4, interleukin-4; IL-6, interleukin-6; IL-10, interleukin-10; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α. Values are means (n = 6), with standard deviations represented by vertical bars. Statistical significance was determined using ANOVA with post hoc Fisher’s test and mean values were significantly different from those of the CTRL group with *** p < 0.001. † Significant difference compared with the HF group (p < 0.05).