Table 3.

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis of All Variables Associated with Likelihood of in-Person Follow-Up

Characteristic	β	Standard Error	Wald χ2	OR	95% CI		P-value†
					Lower Bound	Upper Bound
Telehealth by provider (relative to none)
Physician	0.833	0.075	123.53	2.299	1.985	2.663	<0.001
ptometrist	−0.233	0.079	8.638	0.792	0.678	0.925	0.003
Age 65 or older	0.363	0.051	50.062	1.438	1.300	1.590	<0.001
Male sex	−0.124	0.048	6.760	0.883	0.804	0.970	0.009
Race/Ethnicity (relative to White, non-Hispanic)‡
Asian	−0.297	0.096	9.660	0.743	0.616	0.896	0.002
Black or African American	−0.287	0.143	3.991	0.751	0.567	0.995	0.046
Hispanic or Latin American	−0.205	0.14	2.134	0.815	0.619	1.072	0.144
More than one race	−0.246	0.249	0.976	0.782	0.480	1.274	0.323
Other races¶	−0.143	0.179	0.638	0.867	0.610	1.232	0.425
Primary language (relative to English)	−0.303	0.118	6.611	0.738	0.586	0.930	0.010
Residence out of state	−0.339	0.086	15.61	0.713	0.603	0.843	<0.001
Disease severity (relative to having no retinopathy)
Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy	0.087	0.053	2.725	1.091	0.984	1.211	0.099
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy	0.862	0.145	35.218	2.368	1.781	3.147	<0.001
Average vision
Worse eye vision [LogMAR]	1.222	0.173	49.643	3.395	2.417	4.770	<0.001
Better eye vision [LogMAR]	−1.061	0.203	27.200	0.346	0.232	0.516	<0.001
Constant	−0.585	0.057	104.365	0.557			<0.001

Notes: ^†Significance is marked in bold (P < 0.05). ^‡Patients with missing or unreported race are excluded from the multivariate logistic regression. ^¶Includes American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, and other races.

Abbreviations: NDPR, nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy; HbA1c(%), hemoglobin A1c(%); LogMAR, logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution.