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. 2022 Jun 28;14(13):2670. doi: 10.3390/nu14132670

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Biochemical changes after caloric restriction (CR) or protein restriction (PR). (A) Fasting glucose levels (**** p < 0.0001 and *** p = 0.0009). (B) Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (*** p = 0.0001 and ** p = 0.0069). (C) Total cholesterol levels (*** p = 0.0002 and ** p = 0.0047). (D) low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels (**** p = <0.0001 and ** p = 0.0026). (E) Triglycerides levels (*** p = 0.0004 and ** p = 0.0097). Data are presented in dot-plot format. ANOVA mixed-design analysis of variance was performed.