Table 3.

Antidiabetic phytoconstituents of medicinal plants and their chemical structures.

Medicinal Plants	Phytoconstituents	Chemical Structure
Abrus precatorius	Lupenone
2. Acacia arabica	Quercetin
3. Acacia catechu	Gallocatechin
4. Aegle marmelos	Marmelosin
5. Aframomum melegueta	6-paradol
6. Ageratum conyzoides	Kaempferol
7. Albizia lebbeck	Friedelin
8. Albizia adianthifolia	Viridiflorol
9. Allium cepa	Alliin
10. Allium sativum	Allicin
11. Aloe vera	Aloin
12. Anacradium occidentale	Anacardic acid
13. Anemarrhena asphodeloides	Sarsasapogenin
14. Annona salzmannii	β-caryophyllene
15. Annona squamosa	Rutin
16. Anogeissus latifolia	β-sitosterol
17. Arachis hypogaea	Resveratrol
18. Artemisia absinthium	Azulene
19. Artocarpus heterophyllus	Chrysin
20. Asparagus racemosus	Asparagine
21. Atractylodes japonica	Atractylenolide III
22. Azadirachta indica	Nimbin
23. Balanites aegyptiaca	Diosgenin
24. Berberis vulgaris	Berberine
25. Bidens pilosa	Luteolin
26. Bougainvillea spectabilis	Pinitol
27. Brassica juncea	Cinnamic acid
28. Bridelia ferruginea	Epigallocatechin gallate
29. Bunium persicum	Palmitic acid
30. Caesalpinia decapetala	Astragalin
31. Calendula officinalis	Esculetin
32. Camellia sinensis	Quercitrin
33. Capsicum frutescens	Capsaicin
34. Carica papaya	Coumarin
35. Cassia alata	Emodin
36. Cassia fistula	Lupeol
37. Catharanthus roseus	Vindoline
38. Cecropia obtusifolia	Isoorientin
39. Cichorium intybus	Chlorogenic acid
40. Cinnamomum zeylanicum	Cinnamaldehyde
41. Citrus limon	Hesperetin
42. Citrus x aurantium	Naringin
43. Cola nitida	Apigenin
44. Coptis chinensis	Jatrorrhizine
45. Cornus officinalis	Gymnemic acid
46. Curcuma longa	Curcumin
47. Cudrania cochinchinensis	Vanillin
48. Cyamopsis tetragonoloba	Quercetin
49. Dalbergia sissoo	Biochanin A
50. Eriobotrya japonica	Cinchonain ib
51. Eucalyptus citriodora	Rhodomyrtosone E
52. Eucalyptus globulus	Eucalyptol
53. Euclea undulata	Epicatechin
54. Eugenia jambolana	Ellagic acid
55. Euphorbia hirta	Gallic acid
56. Ficus benghalensis	α-amyrin acetate
57. Garcinia kola	Kolaviron
58. Glycine max	Genistein
59. Glycyrrhiza glabra	Glycyrrhizin
60. Gymnema sylvestre	Gymnemic acid
61. Harungana madagascariensis	Harunganin
62. Helicteres isora	p-coumaric acid
63. Heritiera fomes	Stigmasterol
64. Hibiscus esculentus	Quercetin-3-O-gentiobioside
65. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis	Ascorbic acid
66. Jatropha curcas	Isoorientin
67. Lantana camara	Caffeic acid
68. Linum usitatissimum	Ferulic acid
69. Mangifera indica	Mangiferin
70. Momordica charantia	Vicine
71. Moringa oleifera	Kaempferol
72. Murraya koenigii	Mahanimbine
73. Musa sapientum	Delphinidin
74. Nigella sativa	Thymoquinone
75. Ocimum basicllicum	Linalool
76. Ocimum sanctum	Eugenol
77. Olea europaea	Oleanolic acid
78. Panax ginseng	Ginsenoside Rg2
79. Panda oleosa	Ginsenoside Rb2
80. Phaseolus vulgaris	Orientin
81. Phyllanthus amarus	Ursolic acid
82. Plantago ovata	Myricetin
83. Pterocarpus marsupium	Marsupin
84. Punica granatum	Nictoflorin
85. Rehmannia glutinosa	Catalpol
86. Santalum album	β-santalol
87. Selaginella bryopteris	Gallic acid
88. Sesamum indicum	Pinoresinol
89. Solanum nigrum	Naringenin
90. Spirulina platensis	β-carotene
91. Swertia chirayita	Swerchirin
92. Tamarindus indica	Taxifolin
93. Terminalia arjuna	Arjungenin
94. Terminalia chebula	Tannic acid
95. Tinospora cordifolia	Syringin
96. Trigonella foenum-graecum	Galactomannan
97. Urtica dioica	Quercitrin
98. Vernonia amygdalina	Sobrerol
99. Withania coagulans	Withaferin A
100. Zingiber officinale	Gingerol