Table 2.
Pooled mean difference and CI, heterogeneity I2, and publication bias of included cohorts.
| Outcome | Included Cohorts [n] | Pooled MD [95% CI] |
Heterogeneity I2 [%] |
Publication Bias | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Egger’s [p] | Rank’s [p] | ||||
| Body weight [kg] | 27 | −1.25 [−2.24, −0.25] | 0 | 0.87 | 1.00 |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 19 | −0.47 [−0.76, −0.17] | 0 | NA | NA |
| Body fat [%] | 13 | −0.37 [−2.46, 1.71] | 0 | NA | NA |
| Waist circumference [cm] | 19 | −1.33 [−2.24, −0.43] | 0 | NA | NA |
| HbA1c [%] | 12 | −0.11 [−0.23, 0.01] | 0 | NA | NA |
| HOMA-IR | 11 | −0.92 [−1.57, −0.27] | 77 | NA | NA |
| Fasting blood glucose [mmol/L] | 14 | −0.08 [−0.17, 0.01] | 0 | NA | NA |
| Fasting blood insulin [mIU/L] | 12 | −1.49 [−2.32, −0.66] | 0 | NA | NA |
| CRP [mg/L] | 7 | 0.02 [−0.64, 0.67] | 0 | NA | NA |
Bold values highlight significant outcome. CRP = C-reactive protein; NA = not assessed; MD = mean difference.