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. 2022 Jun 30;14(13):2673. doi: 10.3390/polym14132673

Figure 9.

Figure 9

(a) Generalized structure of a hyperbranched polyethyleneimine, showing primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups; (b) addition of vinyl monomers to primary and secondary amines. X = phosphonate, sulfonate, or carboxylate [122].