Table 3. Daily Infant Intakes of Human Milk Amino Acids, Normalized to Infant Weight.
Daily infant intakes of amino acids (μmol/day) were normalized to infant body weight (kg) and are presented as mean ± SEM. Independent samples t-tests were performed where p < 0.05 was considered significant. NW = normal weight, OB = obese, Arg = arginine, Ala = alanine, Asn = asparagine, Asp = aspartic acid, C-C = cystine, Glu = glutamic acid, Gln = glutamine, Gly = glycine, His = histidine, Ile = isoleucine, Leu = leucine, Lys = lysine, Phe = phenylalanine, Pro = proline, Ser = serine, Tyr = tyrosine, and Val = valine.
| 0.5 Months | 2 Months | 6 Months | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NW (N = 56) |
OB (N = 46) |
P - Value |
NW (N = 54) |
OB (N = 46) |
P - Value |
NW (N = 51) |
OB (N = 27) |
P - Value |
|
| Branched-chain Amino Acid Intake (μmol/kg/day) | |||||||||
| Ile | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 0.083 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 0.002 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 0.152 |
| Leu | 4.6 ± 0.5 | 5.1 ± 0.5 | 0.492 | 3.2 ± 0.2 | 4.0 ± 0.3 | 0.049 | 2.5 ± 0.2 | 2.8 ± 0.5 | 0.567 |
| Val | 7.1 ± 0.5 | 7.5 ± 0.8 | 0.685 | 5.8 ± 0.5 | 5.9 ± 0.6 | 0.933 | 3.6 ± 0.6 | 3.7 ± 0.6 | 0.975 |
| Aromatic Amino Acid Intake (μmol/kg/day) | |||||||||
| Phe | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 2.2 ± 0.3 | 0.273 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 0.114 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 0.213 |
| Tyr | 2.4 ± 0.2 | 3.0 ± 0.3 | 0.134 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 0.013 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 0.324 |
| Other Amino Acid Intake (μmol/kg/day) | |||||||||
| Ala | 27.2 ± 2.3 | 27.9 ± 2.8 | 0.829 | 23.3 ± 2.0 | 24.9 ± 2.4 | 0.621 | 19.0 ± 1.8 | 20.0 ± 3.5 | 0.763 |
| Asn | 2.4 ± 0.3 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 0.195 | 2.7 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 0.002 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 0.295 |
| Asp | 7.2 ± 0.7 | 8.2 ± 1.0 | 0.425 | 7.6 ± 0.9 | 9.8 ± 1.2 | 0.154 | 7.4 ± 0.9 | 7.4 ± 1.0 | 0.961 |
| C-C | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 0.263 | 2.8 ± 0.3 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 0.007 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.4 | 0.680 |
| Gln | 18.8± 2.7 | 20.4 ± 3.2 | 0.698 | 53.4 ± 4.4 | 41.1 ± 4.7 | 0.057 | 47.4 ± 4.2 | 34.8 ± 7.3 | 0.115 |
| Glu | 114.7 ± 8.9 | 108.3 ± 11.3 | 0.655 | 107.4 ± 7.7 | 92.0 ± 8.0 | 0.168 | 74.6 ± 5.9 | 66.2 ± 9.4 | 0.433 |
| Gly | 12.5 ± 1.0 | 11.6 ± 1.5 | 0.613 | 13.7 ± 1.1 | 10.3 ± 0.9 | 0.024 | 10.7 ± 0.9 | 8.8 ± 1.5 | 0.276 |
| His | 5.4 ± 0.5 | 4.1 ± 0.6 | 0.064 | 4.2 ± 0.4 | 2.8 ± 0.4 | 0.009 | 2.4 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | 0.034 |
| Lys | 6.1 ± 0.7 | 5.8 ± 0.8 | 0.732 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 2.8 ± 0.5 | 0.536 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.4 | 0.720 |
| Pro | 7.8 ± 0.7 | 8.2 ± 0.9 | 0.680 | 4.9 ± 0.4 | 4.7 ± 0.4 | 0.735 | 3.0 ± 0.3 | 3.1 ± 0.5 | 0.920 |
| Ser | 16.5 ± 1.3 | 16.0 ± 1.9 | 0.827 | 18.4 ± 1.4 | 15.9 ± 1.5 | 0.225 | 14.8 ± 1.3 | 12.0 ± 2.2 | 0.244 |