Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the Renoprotective Effects of Dapagliflozin and Uric Acid Excretion studies
| Variable | UREX, n=10 | RED, n=44 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dapagliflozin, n=24 | Gliclazide, n=20 | ||
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Age, yr | 67±8 | 63±7 | 65 (8) |
| Men, N (%) | 6 (60) | 17 (71) | 17 (85) |
| Height, cm | 174±12 | 177±10 | 176±10 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27 (9) | 31±4 | 32±4 |
| eGFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 88 (11) | 84 (24) | 89 (22) |
| RAS inhibitor use, N (%) | 5 (50) | 16 (67) | 16 (80) |
| ACE inhibitor, N (%) | 3 (30) | 5 (21) | 5 (25) |
| ARB, % | 2 (20) | 11 (46) | 11 (55) |
| HbA1c, % | 7.0±0.7 | 7.3 (0.8) | 7.4±0.6 |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol | 53±8 | 56 (9) | 57±7 |
| Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dl | 135 (41) | 166±27 | 157±29 |
| Fasting insulin, μIU/ml | — | 10±8 | 8±3 |
| Plasma uric acid, mg/dl | 5.3±0.9 | 5.5±1.2 | 5.2±0.9 |
| Fractional uric acid excretion, % | 5.6±0.7 | 5.5±2.3 | 4.7±2.8 |
| Systemic hemodynamic function | |||
| Heart rate, beats/min | 71±12 | 69±10 | 65±11 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 137±14 | 134±11 | 137±15 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 83±10 | 83±7 | 83±4 |
| Kidney hemodynamic function | |||
| GFR, ml/min 1.73 m2 | 90±10 | 89±19 | |
| Effective blood flow, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 1064±362 | 1161±226 | |
| Effective plasma flow, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 654±153 | 691±119 | |
| Filtration fraction, % | 17.8±2.9 | 16.4±1.8 | |
| Vascular resistance, mm Hg/ml per min | 0.10±0.03 | 0.09±0.02 | |
| Glomerular pressure, mm Hg | 60.6±4.5 | 60.2±5.8 | |
| Afferent resistance, dyn⋅s/cm5 | 3267±1337 | 2759±964 | |
| Efferent resistance, dyn⋅s/cm5 | 2100±440 | 1926±251 | |
UREX, Uric Acid Excretion study; RED, Renoprotective Effects of Dapagliflozin study; RAS, renin-angiotensin system; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin-receptor blocker; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c.