Table 3.
Clinical characteristics (age and BMI-SDS) and hormonal measurements (leptin, TSH, FT4, IGF-1, IGFBP3, PL, insulin and HOMA-IR) in prepubertal and early subgroups according to the BMI status (median and interquartile range)
| Control group (n = 132) |
Obesity group (n = 165) |
p values* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prepubertal subgroup | |||
| Age (years) | 8.1 (8.0–8.5) | 8.2 (7.8–8.5) | 0.864 |
| BMI-SDS | −0.02 (−0.12–0.39) | 3.3 (2.5–3.9) | 0.001 |
| Leptin (μg/L) | 6.1 (3.7–10.8) | 25.2 (19.2–34.5) | 0.006 |
| TSH (mU/L) | 1.98 (1.4–2,1) | 2.1 (1.5–2.8) | 0.328 |
| FT4 (ng/dL) | 1.0 (0.9–1.0) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 0.207 |
| IGF-1 (μg/L) | 177.1 (148.2–207.2) | 179.0 (149.6–214.1) | 0.872 |
| IGFBP3 (μg/L) | 4860.1 (4485.3–5387.1) | 5090.2 (4453.3–5617.5) | 0.628 |
| PL (μg/L) | 10.8 (8,0–14.2) | 10.3 (8.4–13.9) | 0.556 |
| Insulin (mU/L) | 6.9 (5.1–9.8) | 13.2 (8.9–17.9) | 0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.5 (1.1–2.3) | 2.9 (2.1–4.0) | 0.001 |
| Control group (n = 111) |
Obesity group (n = 118) |
p values* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early puberty subgroup | |||
| Age (years) | 9.9 (9.3–10.5) | 10.2 (9.4–10.9) | 0.831 |
| BMI-SDS | 0.10 (−0.7–0.5) | 3.2 (2.3–3.7) | 0.001 |
| Leptin (μg/L) | 8.5 (6.3–12.2) | 43.9 (35.4–55.6) | 0.001 |
| TSH (mU/L) | 2.1 (1.5–2.7) | 2.2 (1.6–2.9) | 0.643 |
| FT4 (ng/dL) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.682 |
| IGF-1 (μg/L) | 256,1 (210.5–312,4) | 345,6 (267.2–424.4) | 0.378 |
| IGFBP3 (μg/L) | 5705.4 (5160.3–6172.5) | 6370.2 (5370.6–7457.4) | 0.288 |
| PL (μg/L) | 9.3 (7.3–13.2) | 11.1 (8.1–15.4) | 0.210 |
| Insulin (mU/L) | 11.8 (6.3–14.6) | 22.3 (15.6–31.4) | 0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.3 (1.5–3.2) | 4.5 (3.7–6.9) | 0.001 |
*Mann–Whitney U test