Table 3.
Association between all characteristics of the study population and CVDs ◙
| Characteristics | Crude | Adjusted ▼ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Age (35- 45) | ||||
| 45–55 | 2.18 (1.86, 2.54) | ≤ 0.001 | 2.02 (1.72, 2.37) | ≤ 0.001 |
| 55–65 | 3.93 (3.35, 4.59) | ≤ 0.001 | 3.35 (2.82, 3.99) | ≤ 0.001 |
| 65–70 | 4.79 (3.90, 5.87) | ≤ 0.001 | 3.97 (3.14, 5.01) | ≤ 0.001 |
| Gender (Female) | ||||
| Male | 1.37 (1.22, 1.54) | ≤ 0.001 | 1.76 (1.51, 2.05) | ≤ 0.001 |
| Marital status (Single) | ||||
| Married | 2.06 (1.37, 3.08) | ≤ 0.001 | 1.63 (1.08, 2.47) | 0.021 |
| Widow | 4.03 (2.61, 6.22) | ≤ 0.001 | 1.57 (0.99, 2.41) | 0.051 |
| divorced | 1.31 (0.68, 2.51) | 0.418 | 0.88 (0.45, 1.71) | 0.7 |
| Wealth index (Poorest) | ||||
| Poor | 0.98(0.82, 1.16) | 0.787 | 0.87 (0.72,1.04) | 0.113 |
| Moderate | 0.82 (0.69, 0.98) | 0.031 | 1.03 (0.85,1.24) | 0.78 |
| Rich | 0.91 (0.77, 1.09) | 0.305 | 1.02 (0.84, 1.24) | 0.86 |
| Richest | 0.96 (0.8, 1.14) | 0.621 | 1.07 (0.88,1.29) | 0.48 |
| Using a mobile (No) | ||||
| Yes | 0.92 (0.81, 1.05) | 0.243 | 1.26 (1.09, 1.46) | 0.002 |
| Smoking cigarette (No) | ||||
| Yes | 1.41 (1.24, 1.59) | ≤ 0.001 | 1.44 (1.24, 1.68) | ≤ 0.001 |
| Drinking Alcohol (No) | ||||
| Yes | 1.03 (0.69,1.52) | 0.888 | 1.48 (0.97, 2.25) | 0.067 |
| Physical Activity Quantile 3 (Active) | ||||
| Quantile 1 (Inactive) | 2.18 (1.9, 2.51) | ≤ 0.001 | 1.56 (1.34, 1.8) | ≤ 0.001 |
| Quantile 2 (Moderate) | 1.26 (1.09, 1.47) | 0.002 | 1.1 (0.94, 1.28) | 0.252 |
| Body Mass Index (< 18.5) (kg/cm2) | ||||
| 18.5–24.99 | 0.94 (0.57,1.55) | 0.82 | 1.12 (0.67,1.87) | 0.675 |
| 25–29.99 | 1.06 (0.65, 1.74) | 0.8 | 1.3 (0.78,2.2) | 0.314 |
| > 30 | 1.41 (0.87, 2.31) | 0.16 | 1.68 (1.01, 2.8) | 0.047 |
| Waist Circumference (WC) (cm) (Normal) | ||||
| Abnormal* | 1.66 (1.46,1.88) | ≤ 0.001 | 1.09 (0.89, 1.32) | 0.414 |
| Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) (Normal) ** | ||||
| Abnormal | 2.06 (1.63, 2.61) | ≤ 0.001 | 1.18 (0.91, 1.52) | 0.213 |
| Triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dl | ||||
| < 150 mg/dl | 0.96 (0.86,1.08) | 0.521 | 0.88 (0.78, 1) | 0.051 |
| Cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dl | ||||
| < 200 mg/dl | 0.84 (0.74, 0.94) | 0.003 | 0.69 (0.61, 0.79) | ≤ 0.001 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (Abnormal) | ||||
| Normal▀ | 1.22 (1.09, 1.37) | 0.001 | 1.1 (0.97,1.25) | 0.583 |
| Systolic Blood Pressure < 140 mmHg | ||||
| ≥ 140 mmHg | 1.82 (1.53, 2.17) | ≤ 0.001 | 1.25 (1.04, 1.51) | 0.017 |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure < 90 mmHg | ||||
| ≥ 90 mmHg | 1.38 (1.12,1.7) | 0.002 | 0.89 (0.78, 1.32) | 0.89 |
| Fasting Plasma Glucose ≤ 100 (mg/dl) | ||||
| 100–126 | 1.58 (1.38, 1.81) | ≤ 0.001 | 1.24 (1.07, 1.43) | 0.003 |
| > 126 | 2.39 (2.08, 2.75) | ≤ 0.001 | 1.71 (1.47, 1.98) | ≤ 0.001 |
CI = Confidence Interval; OR = Odds ratio
P-value < 0.05 was considered significant. ▼Adjusted for all variables in Table 3
◙Cardiovascular diseases include stroke, cardiac ischemic, and myocardial infarction. *Abnormal WC ≥ 102 cm (male) and ≥ 88 cm (female). **Normal WHR ≤ 0.85 (female) and ≤ 0.90 (male). ▀Normal HDL-C ≥ 40 mg/dl (male) and ≥ 50 mg/dl (women)