Table 3.

Results from multilevel model predicting infant executive attention

	Executive attention (7, 15, 24 months)
Predictors	Estimates	Std. Beta	Std. Error
Within-person (WP) effects (Level 1)
WP infant cortisol	−0.21*	−0.04	.017
WP caregiver responsiveness	1.38**	0.07	.019
WP SES	0.09	0.01	.018
WP infant reactivity	0.77***	0.21	.019
WP home enrichment materials	−0.02	−0.00	.018
WP family conflict	0.04	0.01	.018
WP economic stress	0.11	0.02	.018
WP infant age	−0.01	−0.04	.019
WP infant cortisol × WP responsiveness	1.66*	0.04	.020
Between-person (BP) effects (Level 2)
BP infant cortisol	−1.11**	−0.06	.021
BP caregiver responsiveness	1.09	0.05	.025
BP SES	−0.14	−0.03	.028
BP infant reactivity	1.40***	0.31	.022
BP home enrichment materials	0.09	0.00	.027
BP family conflict	−0.21*	−0.04	.021
BP economic stress	0.05	0.01	.023
BP sex	−0.20	−0.04	.021
BP race	0.30	0.05	.029
BP state	0.15	0.03	.027
BP infant cortisol × BP responsiveness	0.95	0.02	.017
Random effects
σ2	4.90
ICC	0.16
N S_ID	1,073
Observations	2,397
Marginal R2/Conditional R2	0.171/0.301

Note: σ², Random effect variances; ICC, Intraclass correlation coefficient.

^*p < .05

^**p < .01

^***p < .001.