Table 4.
Change in Biological Signatures Due to Omega 3-6 Supplementation, Omega Heroes Trial (Ohio, USA)
| Cytokinea | Baseline (mean (SD), pg/mL) |
End of Trial (mean (SD), pg/mL) |
Pre-Post Change (Omega 3-6 - Placebo) |
Group Change (Omega 3-6 – Placebo) (95% CI)b |
p-value | Cohen’s d | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Omega 3-6 n=37c |
Placebo n=33 c |
Omega 3-6 n=29 c |
Placebo n=30 c |
Omega 3-6 |
Placebo | ||||
| IL-1β | 0.11 (0.15) | 0.10 (0.06) | 0.09 (0.09) | 0.11 (0.07) | −0.02 | 0.01 | −0.021 (−0.053, 0.01) | 0.18 | −0.36 |
| IL-2 | 0.36 (0.56) | 0.48 (0.47) | 0.29 (0.16) | 0.49 (0.44) | −0.09 | 0.01 | −0.17 (−0.31, −0.02) | 0.02 | −0.62 |
| IFNγ | 9.99 (43.17) | 16.72 (7.94) | 8.20 (7.43) | 8.02 (5.25) | −3.1 | −9.77 | 0.36 (−2.99, 3.72) | 0.83 | 0.06 |
| TNFα | 4.01 (0.90) | 3.78 (0.88) | 3.61 (0.82) | 3.76 (0.84) | −0.39 | 0.03 | −0.28 (−0.65, 0.08) | 0.13 | −0.41 |
| IL-6 | 0.58 (0.51) | 0.69 (0.71) | 0.49 (0.35) | 0.74 (1.22) | −0.15 | 0.04 | −0.24 (−0.71, 0.24) | 0.32 | −0.26 |
| IL-8 | 4.36 (2.30) | 4.07 (1.31) | 4.02 (1.62) | 4.20 (1.52) | −0.02 | 0.09 | −0.15 (−0.90, 0.61) | 0.70 | −0.10 |
| IL-10 | 0.79 (0.49) | 0.74 (0.60) | 0.64 (0.38) | 0.81 (0.78) | −0.19 | 0.06 | −0.19 (−0.51, 0.13) | 0.23 | −0.32 |
| IL-12p70 | 0.16 (0.07) | 0.25 (0.45) | 0.16 (0.06) | 0.22 (0.36) | 0.003 | −0.04 | 0.02 (−0.014, 0.05) | 0.27 | 0.29 |
a
Most values for IL-4 were below limits of detection, results not shown.
b
Model-based estimates.
c
8 children in the Omega 3-6 group and 3 children in the placebo group were missing data at the end of the trial for all cytokines because of inability to collect adequate volumes of blood. Values were below the limits of detection for IL-1β for 4 children in the Omega 3-6 group at baseline and 9 at the end of the trial.