Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pain. 2022 Mar 10;23(7):1245–1255. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.03.003

Table 3.

Linear mixed regression models examining insomnia symptoms as a predictor of change in treatment outcomes over time.

Predictors
Time-by-Insomnia: Post-Tx Time-by-Insomnia: Follow-up

Outcomes β 95% CI p β 95% CI p

Pain-related disability −.46 −.93, .02 .059 −.76 −1.27, −.25 .004*
Pain intensity −.05 −.09, −.01 .012* −.04 −.08, .01 .074
Global health .27 .11, .42 .002* .11 −.05, .27 .182
Depression −.16 −.39, .06 .156 −.22 −.45, .01 .056
Anxiety −.16 −.40, .08 .196 −.20 −.45, .05 .116
Fatigue .64 .28, 1.00 .001* .69 .32, 1.06 <.001*
Positive affect .09 −.05, .23 .207 −.01 −.15, .14 .925
Negative affect −.17 −.29, −.05 .006* −.19 −.32, −.07 .003*
Executive functioning .14 −.30, .03 .098 −.12 −.28, .05 .161

Notes. All models controlled for age, sex, race and ethnicity.

*

p < .05.