TABLE 3.

Subgroup analysis for outcomes.

	Number of comparisons	Result	p-value for overall effect	I2 (%)	p-value for subgroup difference
TG		WMD (95%CI)
All comparisons	17	−0.35 [−0.51, −0.19]	<0.0001	91
Intervention duration					0.99
2 m	5	−0.39 [−0.88, 0.10]	0.12	97
3 m	9	−0.35 [−0.54, −0.16]	0.0003	80
6 m	3	−0.35 [−0.55, −0.15]	0.0005	64
Types of hypoglycemic drug					0.95
Metformin	11	−0.34 [−0.48, −0.21]	<0.00001	82
Other hypoglycemic drug	6	−0.33 [−0.84, 0.18]	0.20	96
Different control treatment					0.67
Hypoglycemic therapy	6	−0.29 [−0.66, 0.08]	0.13	89
Hypoglycemic+hypolipidemic therapy	11	−0.38 [−0.57, −0.19]	<0.0001	93
TC
All comparisons	15	−0.58 [−0.80, −0.36]	<0.00001	86
Intervention duration					0.62
2 m	4	−0.58 [−1.22, 0.07]	0.08	93
3 m	8	−0.66 [−0.95, −0.36]	<0.0001	82
6 m	3	−0.40 [−0.81, 0.01]	0.05	79
Types of hypoglycemic drug					0.22
Metformin	9	−0.69 [−0.94, −0.45]	<0.00001	82
Other hypoglycemic drug	6	−0.39 [−0.80, 0.02]	0.06	87
Different control treatment					0.51
Hypoglycemic therapy	5	−0.44 [−0.94, 0.06]	0.08	81
Hypoglycemic+hypolipidemic therapy	10	−0.63 [−0.89, −0.38]	<0.00001	88
LDL-C
All comparisons	15	−0.37 [−0.47, −0.26]	<0.00001	67
Intervention duration					0.2
2 m	4	−0.21 [−0.52, 0.10]	0.18	81
3 m	8	−0.38 [−0.52, −0.25]	<0.00001	61
6 m	3	−0.51 [−0.68, −0.35]	<0.00001	21
Types of hypoglycemic drug					0.71
Metformin	10	−0.37 [−0.50, −0.25]	<0.00001	68
Other hypoglycemic drug	5	−0.33 [−0.54, −0.11]	0.003	70
Different control treatment					0.05
Hypoglycemic therapy	6	−0.24 [−0.42, −0.07]	0.005	41
Hypoglycemic+hypolipidemic therapy	9	−0.44 [−0.54, −0.34]	<0.00001	57
HDL-C
All comparisons	13	0.20 [0.10, 0.29]	<0.0001	89
Intervention duration					<0.00001
2 m	2	0.51 [0.40, 0.63]	<0.00001	0
3 m	8	0.17 [0.05, 0.30]	0.005	89
6 m	3	0.08 [−0.02, 0.17]	0.14	56
Types of hypoglycemic drug					0.55
Metformin	9	0.22 [0.12, 0.32]	<0.0001	90
Other hypoglycemic drug	4	0.12 [−0.17, 0.41]	0.40	90
Different control treatment					0.35
Hypoglycemic therapy	4	0.15 [0.05, 0.25]	0.004	58
Hypoglycemic+hypolipidemic therapy	9	0.23 [0.10, 0.35]	0.0005	92
ALT
All comparisons	17	−4.99 [−6.64, −3.33]	<0.00001	83
Intervention duration					0.37
2 m	5	−2.60 [−6.67, 1.47]	0.21	84
3 m	9	−6.06 [−8.72, −3.41]	<0.00001	83
6 m	3	−5.33 [−8.56, −2.09]	0.001	89
Types of hypoglycemic drug					0.71
Metformin	11	−4.87 [−6.58, −3.16]	<0.00001	77
Other hypoglycemic drug	6	−5.74 [−9.98, −1.51]	0.008	90
Different control treatment					0.002
Hypoglycemic therapy	7	−7.55 [−9.33, −5.77]	<0.00001	64
Hypoglycemic+hypolipidemic therapy	10	−2.91 [−5.28, −0.53]	0.02	84
AST
All comparisons	17	−4.76 [−6.35, −3.16]	<0.00001	86
Intervention duration					0.62
2 m	5	−4.33 [−6.57, −2.09]	0.0001	62
3 m	9	−5.59 [−8.32, −2.87]	<0.0001	90
6 m	3	−3.51 [−6.97, −0.04]	0.05	91
Types of hypoglycemic drug					0.46
Metformin	11	−4.42 [−6.19, −2.66]	<0.00001	84
Other hypoglycemic drug	6	−5.86 [−9.23, −2.48]	0.0007	87
Different control treatment					0.15
Hypoglycemic therapy	7	−6.10 [−8.58, −3.62]	<0.00001	89
Hypoglycemic+hypolipidemic therapy	10	−3.73 [−5.76, −1.70]	0.0003	81
HOMA-IR
All comparisons	9	−1.01 [−1.22, −0.79]	<0.00001	72
Intervention duration					0.25
2 m	3	−0.83 [−1.23, −0.44]	<0.0001	68
3 m	4	−0.94 [−1.21, −0.68]	<0.00001	63
6 m	2	−1.39 [−1.94, −0.84]	<0.00001	68
Types of hypoglycemic drug					0.82
Metformin	6	−0.98 [−1.18, −0.78]	<0.00001	52
Other hypoglycemic drug	3	−1.06 [−1.75, −0.38]	0.002	89
Different control treatment					0.45
Hypoglycemic therapy	2	−1.26 [−2.04, −0.48]	0.002	88
Hypoglycemic+hypolipidemic therapy	7	−0.95 [−1.19, −0.70]	<0.00001	67
FPG
All comparisons	18	−0.87 [−1.13, −0.61]	<0.00001	88
Intervention duration					0.67
2 m	5	−1.02 [−1.37, −0.67]	<0.00001	78
3 m	10	−0.83 [−1.25, −0.41]	0.0001	91
6 m	3	−0.74 [−1.39, −0.10]	0.02	87
Types of hypoglycemic drug					0.50
Metformin	12	−0.95 [−1.23, −0.67]	<0.00001	88
Other hypoglycemic drug	6	−0.70 [−1.36, −0.05]	0.03	90
Different control treatment					0.80
Hypoglycemic therapy	7	−0.91 [−1.24, −0.57]	<0.00001	63
Hypoglycemic+hypolipidemic therapy	11	−0.84 [−1.19, −0.49]	<0.00001	92
2hPG
All comparisons	14	−1.45 [−2.00, −0.91]	<0.00001	92
Intervention duration					0.78
2 m	4	−1.55 [−2.87, −0.24]	0.02	95
3 m	7	−1.30 [−2.11, −0.49]	0.002	92
6 m	3	−1.70 [−2.48, −0.92]	<0.0001	68
Types of hypoglycemic drug					0.73
Metformin	10	−1.51 [−2.17, −0.86]	<0.00001	93
Other hypoglycemic drug	4	−1.29 [−2.40, −0.17]	0.02	88
Different control treatment					0.47
Hypoglycemic therapy	5	−1.74 [−2.75, −0.73]	0.0007	94
Hypoglycemic+hypolipidemic therapy	9	−1.29 [−1.98, −0.61]	0.0002	91
BMI
All comparisons	11	−0.73 [−1.35, −0.12]	0.02	73
Intervention duration					0.001
2 m	4	0.04 [−0.63, 0.72]	0.90	63
3 m	5	−0.96 [−1.80, −0.12]	0.02	51
6 m	2	−2.11 [−3.03, −1.19]	<0.00001	0
Types of hypoglycemic drug					0.81
Metformin	8	−0.65 [−1.29, −0.02]	0.04	64
Other hypoglycemic drug	3	−0.90 [−2.78, 0.98]	0.35	88
Different control treatment					0.01
Hypoglycemic therapy	3	−2.07 [−3.46, −0.68]	0.003	72
Hypoglycemic+hypolipidemic therapy	8	−0.22 [−0.71, 0.27]	0.39	44