TABLE 1.

Health effects of cannabis and cannabinoids.

Plant Material	Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids (Natural or Synthetic)	Effective/In-effective	Weight of Evidence
Cannabis	Treatment of chronic pain in adults	Effective	Conclusive or substantial evidence
Oral cannabinoids	Treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (antiemetic)	Effective	Conclusive or substantial evidence
Oral cannabinoids	Improving patient-reported multiple sclerosis spasticity symptoms	Effective	Conclusive or substantial evidence
Cannabinoids, primarily nabiximols	Improving short-term sleep outcomes in individuals with sleep disturbance associated with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, fibromyalgia, chronic pain, and multiple sclerosis	Effective	Moderate evidence
Cannabis and oral cannabinoids	Increasing appetite and decreasing weight loss associated with HIV/AIDS	Effective	Limited evidence
Oral cannabinoids	Improving clinician-measured multiple sclerosis spasticity symptoms	Effective	Limited evidence
Cannabis	Improving symptoms of Tourette syndrome	Effective	Limited evidence
Cannabidiol	Improving anxiety symptoms, as evaluated by a public speaking test, in individuals with social anxiety disorders	Effective	Limited evidence
Nabilone	Improving symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder	Effective	Limited evidence
Cannabis	Better outcomes (i.e., mortality, disability) after a traumatic brain injury or intracranial hemorrhage	Effective	Limited evidence
Cannabinoids	Improving symptoms associated with dementia	In-effective	Limited evidence
Cannabinoids	Improving intraocular pressure associated with glaucoma	In-effective	Limited evidence
Nabiximols, dronabinol, and nabilone	Reducing depressive symptoms in individuals with chronic pain or multiple sclerosis	In-effective	Limited evidence
Cannabinoids	Cancers, including glioma	Effective	No or insufficient evidence
Cannabinoids	Cancer-associated anorexia cachexia syndrome and anorexia nervosa	Effective	No or insufficient evidence
Dronabinol	Symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome	Effective	No or insufficient evidence
Cannabinoids	Epilepsy	Effective	No or insufficient evidence
Cannabinoids	Spasticity in patients with paralysis due to spinal cord injury	Effective	No or insufficient evidence
Cannabinoids	Symptoms associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	Effective	No or insufficient evidence
Oral cannabinoids	Chorea and certain neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with Huntington’s disease	Effective	No or insufficient evidence
Cannabinoids	Motor system symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease or the levodopa-induced dyskinesia	Effective	No or insufficient evidence
Nabilone and dronabinol	Dystonia	Effective	No or insufficient evidence
Cannabinoids	Achieving abstinence in the use of addictive substances	Effective	No or insufficient evidence
Cannabidiol	Mental health outcomes in individuals with schizophrenia or schizophreniform psychosis	Effective	No or insufficient evidence