Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
| Men | Women | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Participants, n (%) | 510 (51.3) | 485 (48.7) | 995 (100) |
| CHD, n (%) | 106 (20.8) | 54 (11.1) | 160 (16.1) |
| Stroke, n (%) | 94 (18.4) | 90 (18.6) | 184 (18.5) |
| Age (years) | 62.01 ± 9.08 | 63.91 ± 8.84 | 62.93 ± 9.01 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.08 ± 3.81 | 25.85 ± 4.31 | 25.97 ± 4.06 |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 225 (44.4) | 22 (4.6) | 247 (25.0) |
| Current drinking, n (%) | 223 (43.9) | 14 (2.9) | 237 (24.0) |
| Insurance type, n (%) | |||
| Urban workers | 427 (84.1) | 399 (82.4) | 826 (83.3) |
| Non-working urban residents | 50 (9.8) | 63 (13.0) | 113 (11.4) |
| Self-pay | 31 (6.1) | 22 (4.5) | 53 (5.3) |
| Duration of type 2 diabetes (years) | 10 (3–18) | 10 (3–18) | 10 (3–18) |
| Use of GLP-1 receptor agonists, n (%) | 30 (6.1) | 27 (5.7) | 57 (5.9) |
| Use of SGLT-2 inhibitors, n (%) | 56 (11.3) | 34 (7.2) | 90 (9.3) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 337 (66.1) | 319 (65.8) | 656 (65.9) |
| Blood pressure (mmHg) | |||
| Systolic | 137 ± 18 | 136 ± 19 | 136 ± 18 |
| Diastolic | 83 ± 11 | 79 ± 10 | 81 ± 11 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.65 ± 1.30 | 5.05 ± 1.46 | 4.84 ± 1.39 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.60 (1.13–2.30) | 1.65 (1.21–2.17) | 1.63 (1.18–2.26) |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.06 ± 0.28 | 1.15 ± 0.29 | 1.10 ± 0.29 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.80 ± 0.87 | 2.97 ± 1.03 | 2.88 ± 0.96 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 7.45 ± 2.91 | 7.43 ± 2.67 | 7.44 ± 2.80 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.51 ± 2.14 | 8.25 ± 1.97 | 8.39 ± 2.06 |
| DHEA (nmol/L) | 6.72 (4.69–10.06) | 6.99 (4.59–10.84) | 6.91 (4.62–10.37) |
| DHEAS (μmol/L) | 3.26 (2.00–4.90) | 2.02 (1.21–3.03) | 2.56 (1.54–4.15) |
CHD, coronary heart disease; BMI, body mass index; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1; SGLT-2, sodium–glucose cotransporter 2; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; DHEA, dehydroepiandrosterone; DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate.