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Immunotherapies based on anti-PD-1/PD-L1 pathway antibodies. (A) Inhibition of T cell activity caused by binding programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) to programmed death (PD-1). (B) Activization of T cell activity by using anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibodies. The cancer cells become immunogenic again. This leads to recognition of tumor cells by T cells and final elimination by the host immune system.
