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. 2022 Jun 27;9:895028. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.895028

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Survival, clinical, and biological parameters in the CLP-induced septic mouse model. Saline (0.9% NaCl; vehicle) or β-NMN at 185 mg/kg was immediately administered after CLP and every day for 4 days. (A) Survival was recorded every 12 h for the first 2 days and then once per day. Data are representative of two independent experiments and are mean ± SEM; n = 17 for each group; *p < 0.05 vs. vehicle. (B) Rectal temperature was monitored every 2-4 h for 1 day. Data are representative of two independent experiments and are mean ± SEM; n = 16 for each group; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 vs. vehicle. (C) Clinical score was monitored once per day for 4 days and adapted according to the MSS score. Data are representative of two independent experiments and are mean ± SEM; n = 12–17 for each group; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001 vs. vehicle. (D) Blood of vehicle and β-NMN mice were collected 24 h post CLP, and bacterial DNA (16S) was extracted and quantified by qPCR. Data are mean ± SEM; n = 8 for each group; *p < 0.05 vs. vehicle. (E) Blood from sham, vehicle, and β-NMN mice were collected and acidified 24 h post CLP and NAD+, and 1-MeNAM were dosed by UHPLC. Data are means ± SEM; n = 6 for each group; ns = non-significant; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.001versus vehicle. (F) Heatmap of 32 inflammatory mediators. Plasma from the sham, vehicle, and β-NMN mice was collected 24 h post CLP, and 32 inflammatory mediators (cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors) were quantified using a Mouse Cytokine/Chemokine Array 32-plex assay. Data were transformed on Log 2-fold-change from the mean relative to the sham group and were displayed as a heatmap. n = 4-6 for each group; a p < 0.05; aa p < 0.01; aaaa p < 0.0001 vehicle vs. sham; b p < 0.05; bb p < 0.01; bbb p < 0.001; bbbb p < 0.0001 β-NMN vs. sham. Note: there is no significant difference between vehicle and β-NMN groups. G-CSF = granulocyte-colony stimulating factor; GM-CSF = granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; IFN-γ = interferon gamma; IL = interleukin; IP-10 = interferon gamma-induced protein 10; KC = keratinocyte-derived chemokine; LIF = leukemia inhibitory factor; LIX = lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine; MCP = monocyte chemoattractant protein; M-CSF = macrophage colony-stimulating factor; MIG = monokine-induced by gamma interferon; MIP = macrophage inflammatory protein; RANTES = regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted; TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor alpha; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor.