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. 2022 Jul 5;10:25151355221106104. doi: 10.1177/25151355221106104

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© The Author(s), 2022

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 2. — Role of miRNAs in HIV replication: The figure describes the mode of action of various cellular and viral miRNAs that regulate the HIV replication. While the cellular miRNAs, miR-28, miR-29, miR-92a, miR-125, miR-138, miR-146, miR-149, miR-150, miR-155, miR-195, miR-196b, miR-223, miR-301, miR-326, miR-382, miR-423, miR-1236, and miR-1290, and the viral miRNA, miRAB40 block the HIV replication, the cellular miRNAs, miR-15, miR-16, miR-17, miR-20a, miR-27b, miR-34a, miR-93, miR-106b, miR-198, and miR-217 are reported to be promoting the viral replication. Both the viral and the cellular miRNAs regulate the host and the viral gene expression or HIV-positive cells to modify the replication process either as a host response trying to fight the infection or to block or establish, or both, the infection within the host at different stages of virus lifecycle.