Figure 5.

In vivo effects of Gdf15 deletion on STZ-induced diabetes and Akita diabetes. (A) Blood glucose, (B) islet immunohistochemistry, and (C) serum insulin in male Gdf15 knockout mice (n = 6) and control mice (n = 5) treated with multiple low-dose STZ injections (40 mg/kg/d) for 5 days. (D) Apoptosis analyzed by Cell Death Detection ELISAPLUS in primary mouse islets of Gdf15 KO mice and controls treated with TG (1 µM for 24 hours) or DMSO. (E) Kaplan-Meier survival curve of the diabetes incidence of female Akita mice (n = 6) and double mutant mice (n = 9) (diabetes is defined as blood glucose >250 mg/dL for 2 consecutive measurements). All data are shown as the mean ± standard error of the mean. Representative islet pictures are shown. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01.