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. 2022 Jul 6;17:2995–3012. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S363779

Table 3.

The Observed and the Predicted Values of the Optimized Collagen-Loaded NE

Factor Optimized Level (D=0.808)
A: Oils (%) 25
B: S/Cos (%) 54.635
C: Water (%) 20.365
Response Expected Observed# Residual*
Y1: GS (nm) 15.20 19.41±4.17 −4.21
Y2: PDI 0.51 0.50 ± 0.11 −0.01
Y3: %T 99.63 99.98±0.01 −0.35
Y4: Viscosity (cp) 407.89 402.00±5.02 4.11

Notes: *Residual = expected value – observed value. #Mean ± Standard deviation (n = 3).

Abbreviations: D, desirability value; S/Cos, surfactant/cosurfactant; GS, globule size; PDI, polydispersity index; %T, percent transmittance.