Table 1.
Sample Demographic and Behavioral Characteristics (N = 400)
| Variables | n (%) |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Demographics | |
| Age (years) M (SD) | 19.8 (1.8) |
| Median (range) | 20 (18–34) |
| Sex | |
| Female | 223 (55.8) |
| Male | 128 (32.0) |
| Other | 2 (0.5) |
| Missinga | 47 (11.8) |
| Race | |
| White | 158 (39.5) |
| Asian | 169 (42.3) |
| Black | 28 (7.0) |
| Other | 44 (11.3) |
| Ethnicity Hispanic/Latino/a | 56 (14.0) |
| Phenotypic Variables | |
| Hair | |
| Red, fair, or blonde | 45 (11.3) |
| Brown or black | 355 (88.7) |
| Eyes | |
| Blue, green, hazel | 89 (22.3) |
| Brown or black | 311 (77.7) |
| Freckling | |
| None, very few, few | 378 (94.4) |
| Some, many, very many | 22 (5.6) |
| Skin burns with first summer sun exposure | |
| Yes | 68 (17.1) |
| No | 332 (83.1) |
| Skin tans by end of summer | |
| Yes | 275 (68.8) |
| No | 125 (31.2) |
| Recent Tanning Frequency | |
| Unintentional Outdoor Tanning | |
| Never | 28 (7.0) |
| Rarely | 85 (21.3) |
| Sometimes | 143 (35.8) |
| Often | 108 (27.0) |
| Always | 36 (9.0) |
| Intentional Outdoor Tanning | |
| Never | 159 (39.8) |
| Rarely | 113 (28.2) |
| Sometimes | 81 (20.3) |
| Often | 42 (10.5) |
| Always | 5 (1.3) |
| Indoor Tanning | |
| Never | 370 (92.5) |
| Rarely | 17 (4.3) |
| Sometimes | 9 (2.3) |
| Often | 4 (1.0) |
| Always | 0 (0.0) |
| Sun protection | |
| Sunscreen | |
| Never | 41 (10.3) |
| Rarely | 86 (21.5) |
| Sometimes | 108 (27.0) |
| Often | 120 (30.0) |
| Always | 45 (11.3) |
| Stay in the shade | |
| Never | 13 (3.3) |
| Rarely | 51 (12.8) |
| Sometimes | 158 (39.5) |
| Often | 157 (39.3) |
| Always | 21 (5.3) |
| Shirt with sleeves | |
| Never | 38 (9.5) |
| Rarely | 75 (18.8) |
| Sometimes | 92 (23.0) |
| Often | 128 (32.0) |
| Always | 67 (16.8) |
| Hat | |
| Never | 93 (23.3) |
| Rarely | 124 (31.0) |
| Sometimes | 114 (28.5) |
| Often | 60 (15.0) |
| Always | 9 (2.3) |
| Sunglasses | |
| Never | 76 (19.0) |
| Rarely | 87 (21.8) |
| Sometimes | 85 (21.3) |
| Often | 99 (24.8) |
| Always | 52 (13.0) |
| Time spent in the sun in summer | |
| Weekdays | |
| 30 min or less | 24 (6.0) |
| 31 min to 1 h | 83 (20.8) |
| 2 h | 96 (24.0) |
| 3 h | 65 (16.3) |
| 4 h | 66 (16.5) |
| 5 h | 35 (8.8) |
| 6 h | 31 (7.8) |
| Weekends | |
| 30 min or less | 18 (4.5) |
| 31 min to 1 h | 47 (11.8) |
| 2 h | 64 (16.0) |
| 3 h | 68 (17.0) |
| 4 h | 85 (21.3) |
| 5 h | 61 (15.3) |
| 6 h | 57 (14.2) |
| Outdoor Activities | |
| Sports, non-water | 208 (52.0) |
| Sports, water | 166 (41.5) |
| Sunbathing | 134 (33.5) |
| Working | 155 (38.8) |
| Socializing | 322 (80.5) |
| Vacation | 217 (54.3) |
| Transportation | 223 (55.8) |
a
These missing cases were determined to be from an error with the questionnaire software and missing at random