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. 2022 Jul 11;4(9):e632–e645. doi: 10.1016/S2589-7500(22)00112-1

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© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license

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Relative levels of known cytokine storm panel and other proteins in plasma among the study participants (A). Distribution of plasma levels (relative abundance; log₂ values) across the patient subgroups for select cytokine storm cytokines (B) and other protein markers (C).

IL=interleukin. VEGFA=vascular endothelial growth factor A. CCL=C-C motif chemokine. TNF=tumour necrosis factor. CXCL=C-X-C motif chemokines. CSF1=macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1. NRP1=neuropilin-1. TNFSF=tumour necrosis factor ligand superfamily member. PROK1=prokineticin-1. DEFA1=neutrophil defensin 1. CPB1=carboxypeptidase B. OLR1=oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1. AZU1=azurocidin. LTA4H=leukotriene A-4 hydrolase. CASP1=caspase-1. CAPG=macrophage-capping protein. CLEC6A=c-type lectin domain family 6 member. BTN3A2=butyrophilin subfamily 3 member A2. ANGPTL1=angiopoietin-related protein 1. NS=no significance. SIGLEC5=sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 5. MDK=midkine. RNASE3=eosinophil cationic protein. PTN=pleiotrophin. TNFRSF=tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member. ICOSLG=ICOS ligand. CD1C=t-cell surface glycoprotein CD1c. ITGAV=integrin alpha-V. LILRA5=leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily A member 5. KRT19=keratin, type I cytoskeletal 19. CDH6=cadherin-6. *Adjusted p≤0·05. †Adjusted p≤0·01. ‡Adjusted p≤0·001.