Table 2.
Characteristics of the study population and comparison between subjects with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
| Variables | All participants (n = 3259) | Non-NAFLD (n = 2090) | NAFLD (n = 1169) | χ2/t/Z | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (n, %) | 2387 (73.2) | 1378 (65.9) | 1009 (86.3) | 158.887 | <0.001a |
| Age (years) | 40.59 ± 9.30 | 39.61 ± 9.24 | 42.34 ± 9.15 | −8.1 | <0.001b |
| WC (cm) | 83.01 ± 9.47 | 79.65 ± 8.55 | 89.03 ± 7.93 | −31.48 | <0.001b |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.46 ± 2.97 | 22.37 ± 2.61 | 25.42 ± 2.54 | −32.28 | <0.001b |
| SBP (mmHg) | 125.45 ± 15.34 | 122.37 ± 14.31 | 130.97 ± 15.59 | −15.54 | <0.001b |
| DBP (mmHg) | 75.88 ± 10.46 | 73.73 ± 9.66 | 79.73 ± 10.74 | −15.85 | <0.001b |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.60 ± 0.86 | 4.49 ± 0.81 | 4.79 ± 0.90 | −9.44 | <0.001b |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.16 (0.84, 1.70) | 0.99 (0.75, 1.33) | 1.66 (1.19, 2.28) | −26.61 | <0.001c |
| TBIL (mmol/L) | 13.86 (10.87, 17.84) | 13.92 (10.97, 18.00) | 13.73 (10.76, 17.66) | −1.16 | 0.248c |
| DBIL (mmol/L) | 4.13 (3.35, 5.15) | 4.22 (3.37, 5.27) | 4.01 (3.29, 5.00) | −3.30 | 0.001c |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.24 ± 0.32 | 1.33 ± 0.33 | 1.08 ± 0.25 | 24.11 | <0.001b |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.70 ± 0.74 | 2.64 ± 0.71 | 2.81 ± 0.78 | −6.04 | <0.001b |
| ALT (IU/L) | 19 (14, 29) | 16 (12, 23) | 26 (19, 38) | −23.33 | <0.001c |
| AST (IU/L) | 19 (16, 23) | 18 (15, 21) | 21 (17, 25) | −14.83 | <0.001c |
| GGT (IU/L) | 19 (13, 31) | 16 (12, 24) | 29 (19, 42) | −24.08 | <0.001c |
| Scr (mmol/L) | 66.94 ± 13.29 | 65.69 ± 13.44 | 69.04 ± 12.76 | −6.96 | <0.001b |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 4.75 (4.48, 5.05) | 4.70 (4.45, 4.97) | 4.85 (4.55, 5.21) | −9.16 | <0.001c |
| FLI | 17.30 (6.79, 38.74) | 9.86 (4.58, 20.60) | 41.27 (23.94, 60.09) | −33.39 | <0.001c |
| FLD | 28.34 ± 4.29 | 26.54 ± 3.46 | 31.58 ± 3.68 | −38.97 | <0.001b |
| ZJU | 33.68 ± 4.22 | 31.95 ± 3.36 | 36.79 ± 3.80 | −36.35 | <0.001b |
| TyG | 8.89 ± 2.97 | 7.87 ± 2.48 | 10.70 ± 2.93 | −27.88 | <0.001b |
| CAP | 267.45 ± 20.73 | 259.44 ± 17.70 | 281.77 ± 17.87 | −34.43 | <0.001b |
| LAP | 22.66 (12.88, 39.44) | 16.45 (9.72, 25.53) | 40.59 (27.18, 61.68) | −31.75 | <0.001c |
| WHtR | 48.87 ± 4.90 | 47.10 ± 4.37 | 52.02 ± 4.15 | −31.37 | <0.001b |
| VAI | 1.34 (0.85, 2.14) | 1.05 (0.72, 1.54) | 2.08 (1.37, 3.25) | −19.14 | <0.001c |
Data are mean ± SD or median (interquartile range) for continuous variables; P values present comparisons between NAFLD patients and non-NAFLD subjects.
Chi-squared test.
Independent-samples T test.
Mann–Whitney U test.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartic transaminase; CAP, controlled attenuation parameter; DBIL, direct bilirubin; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FLD, fatty liver disease index; FLI, fatty liver index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LAP, lipid accumulation product; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; platelet count; SBP, systolic blood pressure; Scr, serum creatinine; TBIL, total bilirubin; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; TyG, triglyceride and glucose index; VAI, visceral adiposity index; WC, waist circumference; WHtR, waist-to-height ratio; ZJU, Zhejiang University index.