Table 3.
Central drusen counts ≥ 10 and clinical associations in all participants with IBD.
| Clinical features |
≥ 10 drusen (n = 14) |
< 10 drusen (n = 49) |
OR (95% CI), p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (median (IQR), years) | 55 (22) | 45 (25) | 1.02 (0.98 to 1.07), p = 0.04 |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 7 (50%) | 22 (45%) | 1.18 (0.36 to 3.90), p = 0.60 |
| Male | 7 (50%) | 26 (53%) | |
| Ethnicity (n, %) | |||
| Northern European | 10 (71%) | 35 (71%) | 1.00 (0.27 to 3.72), p = 0.61 |
| Southern European plus Asian | 4 (28%) | 14 (29%) | |
| Co-morbidities | |||
| Hypertension | 1 (7%) | 9 (18%) | 0.342 (0.04 to 2.96), p = 0.28 |
| Smoking history | 4 (29%) | 32 (65%) | 0.213 (0.06 to 0.78), p = 0.01 |
| Diabetes | 3 (21%) | 5 (10%) | 2.40 (0.50 to 11.61), p = 0.25 |
| Disease type (n, %) | |||
| Ulcerative colitis | 3 (21%) | 16 (33%) | 0.55 (0.05 to 6.60), p = 0.35 |
| Crohn’s disease | 10 (71%) | 31 (63%) | |
| Disease extent in Crohn’s disease | |||
| Colonic involvement (n = 28) | 9 (32%) | 19 (68%) | 5.68 (0.64 to 50.72), p = 0.13 |
| No colonic involvement (n = 13) | 1 (8%) | 12 (92%) | |
| Active disease | 10 (77%) | 39 (85%) | 0.60 (0.13 to 2.74), p = 0.68 |
| Immunosuppression (Aza, MTX) | 7 (54%) | 23 (49%) | 1.22 (0.36 to 4.17), p = 1.00 |
|
Disease duration (median (IQR) years) |
11 (14) | 5 (9) | 1.06 (1.00 to 1.13), p = 0.01 |
| Complications (n, %) | 11 (79%) | 17 (35%) | 6.90 (1.69 to 28.15), p = 0.003 |
| Extra-intestinal manifestations (n = 13) | 5 (36%) | 8 (16%) | 2.85 (0.75 to 10.77), p = 0.11 |
| Laboratory indices | |||
| CRP (median (IQR), mg/L) | 14 (94) | 5 (13) | 1.02 (1.00 to 1.05), p = 0.008 |
| Serum albumin (median (IQR), g/L) | 36 (5) | 37 (6) | 0.93 (0.77 to 1.13), p = 0.36 |
| eGFR (median (IQR), ml/min/1.73m2) | 89 (20) | 90 (14) | 1.00 (0.96 to 1.06), p = 0.47 |
Aza, MTX – azathioprine, methotrexate.
Significant values are in bold.