Figure 4.

pH-dependent spatiotemporal organization of intercellular Ca²⁺ waves in islets. Raster plots of binarized fast [Ca²⁺]_c oscillations of all cells in two representative islets stimulated with 8 mM glucose under pH 7.4 and 7.1, as indicated by the protocol bars (A). Space-time graphs (B, C) and the corresponding raster plot outtakes (D, E) in the plateau phase of sustained activity under 8 mM glucose and under pH 7.4 (B, D) and pH 7.1 (C, E). The colors of dots in panels (B, C) signify different extracted Ca²⁺ waves and purple dots in the x-y plane denote the coordinates of individual beta cells. The box-plots in panel (F) signify the distribution of relative Ca²⁺ wave sizes under different pH pooled from 3 different islets for each pH level. Box plots are showing upper and lower quartile; line median; whiskers 5-95%. (***p < 0.001).