Table 3.
The sex specific relation of diabetes with cognitive performance in older men and women (N = 893).
| Men | Women | Interactiona | p-valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | ||
| Memory | ||||
| Non-diabetic | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Diabetic (model 1) | 0.02 (−0.09 to 0.03) | 0.02 (−0.07 to 0.03) | 0.09 (−0.26 to 0.46) | 0.59 |
| Diabetic (model 2) | 0.03 (−0.09 to 0.02) | 0.02 (−0.07 to 0.03) | 0.10 (−0.26 to 0.47) | 0.57 |
| Diabetic (model 3) | 0.03 (−0.08 to 0.02) | 0.01 (−0.06 to 0.03) | 0.10 (−0.27 to 0.47) | 0.59 |
| Executive function | ||||
| Non-diabetic | Ref | Ref | ||
| Diabetic (model 1) | −0.02 (−0.09 to 0.04) | −0.07 (−0.14 to 0.00)* | −0.04 (−0.36 to 0.28) | 0.81 |
| Diabetic (model 2) | −0.02 (−0.09 to 0.04) | −0.06 (−0.13 to 0.01) | −0.03 (−0.32 to 0.32) | 0.98 |
| Diabetic (model 3) | −0.01 (−0.06 to 0.06) | −0.07 (−0.13 to 0.00)* | −0.01 (−0.33 to 0.32) | 0.97 |
| Processing speed | ||||
| Non-diabetic | Ref | Ref | ||
| Diabetic (model 2) | −0.03 (−0.08 to 0.01) | −0.06 (−0.10 to 0.02)* | 0.19 (0.03 to 0.34) | 0.02 |
| Diabetic (model 3) | −0.03 (−0.08 – 0.02) | −0.06 (−0.10 to 0.01)* | 0.18 (0.02 to 0.33) | 0.03 |
| Diabetic (model 1) | −0.02 (−0.07 to 0.01) | −0.06 (−0.10 to 0.02)* | 0.17 (0.03 to 0.33) | 0.04 |
| Language | ||||
| Non-diabetic | Ref | Ref | ||
| Diabetic (model 1) | −0.01 (−0.06 to 0.04) | −0.07 (−0.12 to 0.01)* | −0.18 (−0.53 to 0.17) | 0.31 |
| Diabetic (model 2) | −0.01 (−0.05 to 0.07) | −0.06 (−0.12 to 0.00) | −0.12 (−0.48 to 0.22) | 0.14 |
| Diabetic (model 3) | 0.00 (−0.05 to 0.04) | −0.07 (−0.012 to 0.01)* | −0.14 (−0.49 to 0.21) | 0.43 |
Data are presented as unstandardized B with (95% CI).
A negative B signifies a correlation with worse Z-scores, e.g. with worse cognitive performance.
Model 1: adjusted for age and level of education; Model 2: adjusted for age, level of education, smoking and alcohol consumption; Model 3: Adjusted for age, level of education, presence of CVD (coronary disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, CVA or TIA, peripheral arterial disease), hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.
*p-value linear regression < 0.05.
aInteraction term (sex multiplied by diabetes) added to the logistic regression.
bStatistical significance of the interaction term in the logistic regression analysis.
The bold values indicate the p values which are statistically significant.