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. 2022 Jun 28;10:919442. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2022.919442

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Copyright © 2022 Nischwitz, Stelmaszyk, Piel and Tiehm.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Application of cascade filtration on surface-water samples (river Alz, Germany, May (E1) and August (E2) 2021) and analysis of gene copies (GC)/mL after DNA extraction from the membrane (M 5–0.2 µm) and without DNA extraction in the filtrate <0.2 µm. Limit of quantification (LOQ) was about 1 gene copy per mL.