Table 1. Clinical characteristics of hepatectomy patients in the primary study and validation cohorts.
| Variable | Study cohort (n=214) | Validation cohort (n=135) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (female/male) | 33/181 | 25/110 | 0.449 |
| Age (y) | 57.8±8.3 | 58.5±9.1 | 0.471 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.0±2.4 | 22.2±2.8 | 0.441 |
| Etiology of hepatectomy | 0.374 | ||
| Benign | 8 (3.7) | 2 (1.5) | |
| Primary hepatic carcinoma | 195 (91.1) | 128 (94.8) | |
| Metastasis | 11 (5.1) | 5 (3.7) | |
| ASA | |||
| I | 208 (97.2) | 127 (94.1) | 0.517 |
| II | 6 (2.8) | 8 (5.9) | |
| Background liver disease | |||
| HBV | 208 (97.2) | 133 (98.5) | 0.255 |
| HCV | 4 (1.9) | 2 (1.5) | 0.135 |
| Alcoholic liver cirrhosis | 2 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0.183 |
| Preoperative TACE | 10 (4.7) | 5 (3.7) | 0.664 |
| Laboratory data | |||
| HGB (g/dL) | 11.9±1.5 | 11.8±1.8 | 0.824 |
| Platelet count (109/L) | 177.3±112.0 | 173.1±107.6 | 0.727 |
| TB (μmol/L) | 22.8±15.2 | 22.7±14.2 | 0.338 |
| DB (μmol/L) | 12.8±9.3 | 12.5±8.0 | 0.217 |
| ALT (U/L) | 46.8±34.0 | 43.0±21.0 | 0.199 |
| AST (U/L) | 45.6±29.6 | 46.5±31.3 | 0.784 |
| ALB (g/L) | 38.4±5.1 | 37.8±4.8 | 0.262 |
| INR | 0.98±0.18 | 1.01±0.17 | 0.200 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 174 (81.3) | 99 (73.3) | 0.079 |
| Liver function status | |||
| Child-Pugh score, median [min–max] | 5.0 [5–7] | 5.0 [5–8] | 0.264 |
| ICG-R15 (%) | 7.9±3.9 | 8.4±4.1 | 0.230 |
| Tumor diameter (cm) | 6.8±2.7 | 6.4±2.7 | 0.224 |
| PRLV/SLV (%) | 63.2±11.0 | 63.6±8.3 | 0.729 |
| Major hepatectomy | 117 (54.7) | 66 (48.9) | 0.292 |
| Open approach | 152 (71.0) | 101 (74.8) | 0.440 |
| Clavien-Dindo classification | |||
| Mild-moderate (grade I–II) | 56 (26.2) | 44 (32.6) | 0.196 |
| Severe (grade III–V) | 19 (8.9) | 14 (10.4) | 0.643 |
| Post-hepatectomy liver failure (%) | 58 (27.1) | 48 (35.6) | 0.094 |
| Grade A | 17 (7.9) | 13 (9.6) | 0.584 |
| Grade B | 28 (13.1) | 24 (17.8) | 0.230 |
| Grade C | 13 (6.1) | 11 (8.1) | 0.456 |
| Postoperative mortality | 2 (0.9) | 1 (0.7) | 0.847 |
Data are indicated n (%), median [IQR] or . According to the IHPBA Brisbane 2000 nomenclature, the type of hepatectomy was defined as major and minor resections (≤2 segments: minor; >2 segments: major). BMI, body mass index; ASA, American Society of anesthesiologists; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; TACE, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization; HGB, hemoglobin; TB, total bilirubin; DB, direct bilirubin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALB, albumin; INR, international normalized ratio; PRLV, predicted residual liver volumes; SLV, standard liver volume.