FIGURE 2.

Recruitment cascade of leukocytes during inflammation revealed by IVM. Neutrophils are the first population recruited into the site of inflammation. In sterile injury-induced liver inflammatory response, neutrophils are attracted by the chemokine CXCL2 and adhere to LSECs via a series of adhesion molecules. Formyl-peptide released by necrotic hepatocytes mediates neutrophil transmigration to reach the necrotic cells and clear the debris of dead cells. After the clearance, neutrophils return to the sinusoids via reverse transmigration. CD8⁺ T cells and iNKT cells are attracted by, respectively, CXCL10 and CXCL16 and adhere to LSECs via similar mechanisms. Platelets also contribute to the retention of CD8⁺ T cells.