Table. Characteristics of Reviewed Studies.
| Source | Country | Design | Patients analyzed, No. | Data collection | Follow-up, mo | Baseline age, y | Patients, No./Total No. (%) | Analysis | Factors measured | Outcome measured | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | Male | ||||||||||
| Berghmans et al,37 2019a | Netherlands | PC | 146 | NA | 3 | Mean, 66.4 | 79/150 (53) | 71/150 (47) | Stepwise multiple linear regression | Mental health (SF-36), physical function (WOMAC), knee stiffness (WOMAC) | WOMAC |
| Lindner et al,34 2018 | Germany | PC | 61 | NA | 3 | Mean, 67 | 37/61 (61) | 24/61 (39) | Stepwise multiple linear regression | Pain (WOMAC) | WOMAC |
| Lingard et al,23 2007a | UK, US, Canada, Australia | PC | 676 | 1997-1999 | 3 | Distress: median, 70 |
574/676 (85) | 102/ 676 (15) | Repeated measures | Psychological distress (SF-36) | WOMAC |
| Nondistress: median, 71 | |||||||||||
| Luo et al,39 2019 | China | PC | 471 | 2017-2018 | 3 | Mean, 64.3 | 357/471 (76) | 114/471 (24) | Pearson correlation | Sleep dysfunction (PSQI), daytime sleepiness (ESS), sleep quality (self-developed scale [0-10]) | KSS |
| Bugada et al,29 2017 | Italy | PC | 563 | 2012-2015 | 6 | Median, 72 | 421/606 (69) | 185/606 (31) | Logistic regression | Comorbidity (ASA Physical Status Classification System) | NRS |
| Engel et al,36 2004 | US | PC | 54 | NA | 6 | Mean, 68 | 26/74 (49%) | 28 /74 (51) | Multiple hierarchical regression | AHI | WOMAC |
| Escobar et al,30 2007 | Spain | PC | 640 | 1999-2000 | 6 | Mean, 72 | 473/471 (74%) | 167/471 (26) | General linear model | Age (y), sex (men/women), social support (yes/no), comorbidity (CCI), physical function (WOMAC), low back pain (yes/no), mental health (SF-36) | WOMAC |
| Hylkema et al,35 2019 | US | PC | 131 | 2012-2014 | 6 | Mean, 61 | 114/ 183 (62) | 69/ 183 (38) | Univariate linear regression | Pain catastrophizing (PCS) | WPAI:SHP |
| Oka et al,40 2020 | Japan | PC | 82 | 2017-2019 | 6 | Mean, 72.1 | 67/82 (82) | 15/82 (18) | Multiple linear regression | Sedentary behavior (MET) | New KSS |
| Pua et al,31 2019 | Singapore | PC | 4026 | 2013-2017 | 6 | Mean, 68 | 3003/4026 (75) | 1026/4026 (25) | Proportional odds ordinal regression | Age (y), sex (men/women), BMI, education (primary, secondary, tertiary), ethnicity (Chinese, Indian, Malay, other), social support (yes/no), comorbidities (yes/no) contralateral knee pain (KSS), pain (OKQ), knee extension and flexion (goniometer), physical function (categories), depression (SF-36) | OKQ |
| Sugawara et al,32 2017 | Japan | PC | 59 | 2011-2012 | 6 | Mean, 75 | 53/59 (90) | 6/59 (10) | Stepwise multiple regression | TSLS | JKOM |
| Taniguchi et al,33 2016 | Japan | PC | 81 | 2013-2014 | 6 | Mean, 72 | 73/81 (90) | 8/81 (10) | Multiple linear regression | TUG | TUG |
| Yang et al,41 2019 | US | PC | 107 | 2010-2011 | 6 | Mean, 65 | 55/107 (51) | 42/107 (49) | Multivariate logistic regression | Mental health (SF-36), pain catastrophizing (PCS), comorbidity (CCI), use device (yes/no) | WOMAC |
| Berghmans et al,37 2019a | Netherlands | PC | 144 | NA | 12 | Mean, 66.4 | 79/150 (53) | 71/150 (47) | Stepwise multiple linear regression | Physical function (WOMAC), knee function (KSS) | WOMAC |
| Dowsey et al,222012 | Australia | PC | 473 | 2006-2007 | 12 | Mean, 71 | 331/478 (69) | 142/478 (31) | Multivariate linear regression | Age (y), sex (men/women), BMI, comorbidity (CCI), pain (IKSS), physical function (IKSS), mental health (SF-12), K-L grade, cruciate retaining, patella resurface, multicompartment OA | IKSS |
| Lindberg et al,38 2020 | Norway | PC | 182 | 2012-2014 | 12 | Mean, 67 | 124/ 182 (68) | 58/182 (32) | Multivariate logistic regression | Age (y), sex (men/women), pain (BPI), lack of energy, drowsiness, sleeping difficulties, bloating, worrying, sexuality problems (MSAS-SF) | BPI |
| Lingard et al,23 2007a | UK, US, Canada, Australia | PC | 676 | 1997-1999 | 12 | Distress: median, 70 |
574/676 (85) | 102/ 676 (15) | Logistic regression | Psychological distress (SF-36) | WOMAC |
| Nondistress: median, 71 | |||||||||||
| Nankaku et al,24 2018 | Japan | PC | 115 | 2013-2015 | 12 | Mean, 71 | 99/115 (86) | 16/115 (14) | Stepwise multiple regression | Age (y), physical function (KSS), TUG | KSS |
| Sullivan et al,252011 | Canada | PC | 120 | NA | 12 | Mean, 67 | 73/120 (61) | 47/120 (39) | Multiple regression | Age (y), sex (men/women), BMI, comorbidity (CCI), physical function and pain (WOMAC), pain catastrophizing (PCS), depression (PHQ-9), kinesiophobia (TSK), surgery duration (min) | WOMAC |
| Tilbury et al,26 2018 | Netherlands | PC | 146 | 2011-2012 | 12 | Mean, 67 | 101/146 (69) | 87/146 (31) | Multivariate linear regression | BMI, mental health (SF-36), physical function (KOOS), outcome expectancies (HSS hip replacement and knee replacement expectations surveys) | KOOS |
| van de Water et al,27 2019 | Netherlands | PC | 559 | 2012-2015 | 12 | Mean, 67 | 378/559 (68) | 181/559 (32) | Multivariate linear regression | Pain (KOOS), K-L grade | KOOS |
| Wylde et al,28 2012 | UK | PC | 220 | NA | 12 | Median, 70 | 136/220 (62) | 84/220 (38) | Ordinary least square regression | Age (y), sex (men/women), comorbidity (SCQ), physical function (WOMAC), depression and anxiety (HADS), pain self-efficacy (PSEQ) | WOMAC |
Abbreviations: AHI, Arthritis Helplessness Index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index; BPI, Brief Pain Inventory; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HSS, Hospital for Special Surgery; IKSS, International Knee Society Score; JKOM, Japanese Knee Osteoarthritis Measure; K-L, Kellgren-Lawrence; KOOS, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score; KSS, Knee Society Clinical Rating System; MET, Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks; MSAS-SF, Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale Short Form; NA, not applicable; NRS, numerical rating scale; OKQ, Oxford Knee Questionnaire; PC, prospective cohort; PCS, Pain Catastrophizing Scale; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire; PSEQ, Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; SCQ, Self-Administered Comorbidity Questionnaire; SF-12, 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey 12; SF-36, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey; TSK, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia; TSLS, time single legged stand with eyes open; TUG, Timed Up and Go; WPAI:SHP, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire: Specific Health Problem; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.
Study with 2 follow-up times.