Table IV.
Reported resistance rates of Cutibacterium acnes from different countries worldwide
| Percentages of antibiotic resistant C. acnes strains isolated from patients with acne | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Location | Study | Year | EM | CM | TC | DC | MC | Any antibiotic |
| Israel | Our study | 2019 | 25 | 17 | 9 | 19 | 11 | 31 |
| China | Zhang et al. (34) | 2019 | 49 | 29 | 0 | 0 | ≥ 49 | |
| Singapore | Yang et al. (33) | 2018 | 31 | 33 | 22 | 22 | 0 | ≥ 33 |
| Japan | Nakase et al. (27) | 2017 | 55 | 50 | – | 5 | 0 | ≥ 55 |
| India | Biswal et al. (19) | 2016 | 8 | 11 | 9 | – | 0 | ≥ 11 |
| Greece | Giannopoulos et al. (23) | 2015 | 32 | 29 | – | 1 | 0 | ≥ 32 |
| Chile | Schafer et al. (31) | 2013 | 12 | 7 | 0 | 0 | – | 34 |
| Colombia | Mendoza et al. (25) | 2013 | 35 | 15 | 8 | 9 | 1 | 40 |
| Egypt | Abdel Fattah et al. (17) | 2013 | 48 | 65 | – | 6 | – | ≥ 66 |
| Australia | Toyne et al. (15) | 2012 | 6 | – | – | – | – | 9 |
| Korea | Moon et al. (26) | 2012 | 27 | 30 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 37 |
| France | Dumont-Wallon et al. (20) | 2010 | 75 | – | 9 | 9 | – | 75 |
| Iran | Soodabeh et al. (32) | 2011 | 15 | 43 | 7 | 2 | – | 31 |
| Mexico | Gonzalez et al. (24) | 2010 | 46 | 36 | 14 | 20 | 0 | ≥ 82 |
| Italy | Bettoli et al. (18) | 2006 | 50 | 35 | 2 | – | – | 56 |
| Turkey | Ergin et al. (21) | 2006 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 0 | – | ≥ 12 |
| Costa Rica | Rodriguez-Cavallini et al. (29) | 2004 | 19 | 23 | 19 | – | – | ≥ 23 |
| Europe | Oprica & Nord (28) | 2004 | 17 | 15 | – | – | 3 | 29 |
| Hungary | Ross et al. (30) | 2003 | 45 | 40 | 0 | – | – | 51 |
| Spain | Ross et al. (30) | 2003 | 90 | 90 | 5 | – | – | 94 |
| Sweden | Ross et al. (30) | 2003 | 45 | 45 | – | – | 15 | 60 |
| UK | Ross et al. (30) | 2003 | 50 | 50 | – | – | 25 | 60 |
| Germany | Fluhr et al. (22) | 1999 | 11 | 7 | – | 0 | 0 | ≥ 11 |
Antibiotics: EM: erythromycin; CM: clindamycin; TET: tetracycline; DOX: doxycycline; MC: minocycline.