. 2021 Jan 29;71(2):140–152. doi: 10.1111/idj.12607

Table 3.

Results of the univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses of the total and subscale COMDQ-15 scores

Dependent variables	Independent variables^†	Univariate model				After adjusted for demographic variables^‡				Multivariate model
		Unstandardised		Standardised coefficient β	P-value	Unstandardised		Standardised coefficient β	P-value	Unstandardised		Standardised coefficient β	P-value	Adjusted R²
		B	S.E.	Standardised coefficient β	P-value	B	S.E.	Standardised coefficient β	P-value	B	S.E.	Standardised coefficient β	P-value	Adjusted R²
Total	Pain: NRS	3.24	0.22	0.65	0.000^*	2.93	0.23	0.58	0.000^*	1.78	0.24	0.36	0.000^*	0.6
COMDQ-15	Treatment: TCS & other TTx	17.37	2.14	0.58	0.000^*	15.95	2.04	0.53	0.000^*	7.2	1.72	0.24	0.000^*
	Treatment: TCS	12.39	1.83	0.49	0.000^*	12.29	1.76	0.49	0.000^*	5.98	1.44	0.24	0.000^*
	Stress: PSS-10	0.86	0.08	0.53	0.000^*	0.76	0.08	0.47	0.000^*	0.35	0.09	0.22	0.000^*
	OLP activity: ODSS-activity	0.75	0.11	0.38	0.000^*	0.68	0.1	0.34	0.000^*	0.26	0.1	0.13	0.009
	Ethnicity: Asian	8.6	1.56	0.31	0.000^*	8.31	1.72	0.3	0.000^*	2.8	1.21	0.1	0.021
	Extraoral LP: skin LP	6.46	2.12	0.17	0.002^*	6.06	2.01	0.16	0.003	3.19	1.45	0.09	0.028
	Treatment: systemic treatment	15.07	3.89	0.22	0.000^*	14.67	3.72	0.21	0.000^*	6.19	2.9	0.09	0.034
Physical	Pain: NRS	1.32	0.09	0.65	0.000^*	1.29	0.09	0.64	0.000^*	0.84	0.11	0.42	0.000^*	0.53
discomfort	Treatment: TCS & other TTx	7.74	0.84	0.64	0.000^*	7.29	0.84	0.6	0.000^*	3.67	0.75	0.3	0.000^*
	Treatment: TCS	5.31	0.72	0.52	0.000^*	5.25	0.73	0.52	0.000^*	2.66	0.63	0.26	0.000^*
	Stress: PSS-10	0.27	0.03	0.41	0.000^*	0.25	0.04	0.38	0.000^*	0.11	0.04	0.16	0.006
	OLP activity: ODSS-activity	0.33	0.04	0.41	0.000^*	0.31	0.04	0.38	0.000^*	0.12	0.04	0.15	0.007
	At least 2 disease co-morbidities	2.47	0.78	0.24	0.002^*	2.62	0.83	0.26	0.002^*	1.26	0.57	0.12	0.028
Medication Sc	Pain: NRS	0.63	0.06	0.5	0.000^*	0.54	0.07	0.42	0.000^*	0.33	0.08	0.26	0.000^*	0.36
treatment	Treatment: TCS	2.88	0.48	0.45	0.000^*	2.89	0.47	0.45	0.000^*	1.59	0.46	0.25	0.001^*
	Treatment: TCS & other TTx	3.38	0.56	0.44	0.000^*	3.06	0.54	0.4	0.000^*	1.33	0.55	0.18	0.015
	Ethnicity: Asian	2.26	0.4	0.32	0.000^*	2.09	0.44	0.29	0.000^*	1.18	0.38	0.17	0.002^*
	Treatment: systemic treatment	3.6	1.03	0.21	0.001^*	3.51	0.99	0.2	0.000^*	1.79	0.92	0.1	0.05
Social &	Pain: NRS	1.11	0.1	0.53	0.000^*	0.94	0.1	0.45	0.000^*	0.53	0.11	0.25	0.000^*	0.5
emotional	Anxiety: HADS-A	0.65	0.06	0.55	0.000^*	0.57	0.06	0.48	0.000^*	0.27	0.07	0.22	0.000^*
	Stress: PSS-10	0.37	0.03	0.55	0.000^*	0.32	0.03	0.48	0.000^*	0.13	0.04	0.2	0.001^*
	Treatment: TCS & other TTx	5.47	0.93	0.44	0.000^*	4.84	0.89	0.39	0.000^*	2.12	0.79	0.17	0.008
	Ethnicity: Asian	3.91	0.64	0.34	0.000^*	3.62	0.71	0.31	0.000^*	1.71	0.54	0.15	0.002^*
	Treatment: TCS	3.48	0.8	0.33	0.000^*	3.44	0.76	0.33	0.000^*	1.48	0.66	0.14	0.025
Patient	Stress: PSS-10	0.07	0.02	0.26	0.000^*	0.07	0.02	0.24	0.000^*	0.06	0.02	0.2	0.016	0.08
support	Older age	−0.03	0.01	−0.15	0.01	−0.03	0.01	−0.16	0.012	−0.03	0.01	−0.14	0.018

Bold value = P-value < 0.05.

Italic variables are significant variables at multivariale model.

TCS, topical corticosteroids; TTx, topical treatment.

^†

Only independent variables with P-value less than 0.05 in multivariate model are displayed in the table.

^‡

Adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, smoking, alcohol consumption and number of disease co-morbidities.

^⁎

Statistical significance at Bonferroni-corrected P-value < 0.003.