. 2021 Jan 29;71(2):140–152. doi: 10.1111/idj.12607

Table 4.

Results of the univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses of the total and subscale OHIP-14 scores

Dependent variables	Independent variable^†	Univariate model				After adjusted for demographic variables^‡				Multivariate model
		Unstandardised		Standardised coefficient β	P-value	Unstandardised		Standardised coefficient β	P-value	Unstandardised		Standardised coefficient β	P-value	Adjusted R²
		B	S.E.	Standardised coefficient β	P-value	B	S.E.	Standardised coefficient β	P-value	B	S.E.	Standardised coefficient β	P-value	Adjusted R²
Total OHIP-14	Pain: NRS	3.11	0.24	0.61	0.000^*	2.8	0.24	0.55	0.000^*	1.65	0.26	0.32	0.000^*	0.56
	Anxiety: HADS-A	1.64	0.14	0.56	0.000^*	1.45	0.15	0.49	0.000^*	0.67	0.18	0.23	0.000^*
	Treatment: TCS & other TTx	15.09	2.27	0.49	0.000^*	14.03	2.16	0.46	0.000^*	5.73	1.86	0.19	0.002^*
	Depression: HADS-D	1.88	0.17	0.55	0.000^*	1.7	0.18	0.49	0.000^*	0.54	0.2	0.16	0.007
	Treatment: TCS	9.97	1.94	0.39	0.000^*	10.26	1.86	0.4	0.000^*	3.93	1.55	0.15	0.012
	OLP activity: ODSS-activity	0.7	0.11	0.34	0.000^*	0.62	0.11	0.3	0.000^*	0.27	0.11	0.13	0.012
Functional	Pain: NRS	0.36	0.04	0.47	0.000^*	0.33	0.04	0.42	0.000^*	0.2	0.05	0.26	0.000^*	0.34
limitation	Anxiety: HADS-A	0.19	0.02	0.44	0.000^*	0.17	0.02	0.38	0.000^*	0.09	0.03	0.19	0.008
	Treatment: TCS & other TTx	2.01	0.35	0.43	0.000^*	1.81	0.34	0.39	0.000^*	0.8	0.33	0.17	0.017
	Depression: HADS-D	0.23	0.03	0.45	0.000^*	0.2	0.03	0.39	0.000^*	0.08	0.04	0.15	0.034
Physical pain	Pain: NRS	0.54	0.04	0.62	0.000^*	0.52	0.04	0.6	0.000^*	0.36	0.05	0.41	0.000^*	0.46
	Treatment: TCS & other TTx	2.87	0.38	0.55	0.000^*	2.77	0.37	0.53	0.000^*	1.13	0.34	0.22	0.001^*
	Treatment: TCS	1.94	0.32	0.45	0.000^*	1.97	0.32	0.45	0.000^*	0.81	0.28	0.19	0.005
	Anxiety: HADS-A	0.19	0.03	0.39	0.000^*	0.17	0.03	0.34	0.000^*	0.07	0.03	0.15	0.023
	OLP activity: ODSS-activity	0.14	0.02	0.4	0.000^*	0.13	0.02	0.37	0.000^*	0.05	0.02	0.13	0.018
	Treatment: systemic treatment	2.49	0.68	0.21	0.000^*	2.53	0.68	0.21	0.000^*	1.19	0.57	0.1	0.039
Psychological	Depression: HADS-D	0.3	0.03	0.45	0.000^*	0.3	0.04	0.45	0.000^*	0.13	0.05	0.19	0.006	0.37
discomfort	Pain: NRS	0.46	0.05	0.45	0.000^*	0.42	0.05	0.42	0.000^*	0.18	0.06	0.18	0.003
	OLP activity: ODSS-activity	0.11	0.02	0.27	0.000^*	0.1	0.02	0.25	0.000^*	0.06	0.02	0.15	0.014
	older age	–0.04	0.01	–0.18	0.002^*	–0.05	0.01	–0.21	0.001^*	–0.03	0.01	–0.15	0.003
	Treatment: TCS & other TTx	2.18	0.46	0.36	0.000^*	2.14	0.45	0.36	0.000^*	0.88	0.43	0.15	0.043
	Stress: PSS-10	0.15	0.02	0.45	0.000^*	0.13	0.02	0.41	0.000^*	0.05	0.02	0.14	0.045
Physical disability	Pain: NRS	0.6	0.05	0.59	0.000^*	0.53	0.05	0.52	0.000^*	0.35	0.06	0.34	0.000^*	0.46
	Anxiety: HADS-A	0.25	0.03	0.43	0.000^*	0.21	0.03	0.35	0.000^*	0.11	0.04	0.19	0.005
	Treatment: TCS & other TTx	3.04	0.45	0.5	0.000^*	2.75	0.43	0.45	0.000^*	1.04	0.4	0.17	0.011
	OLP activity: ODSS-activity	0.14	0.02	0.35	0.000^*	0.13	0.02	0.32	0.000^*	0.06	0.02	0.15	0.01
	Extraoral LP: skin LP	1.38	0.43	0.18	0.001^*	1.38	0.41	0.18	0.001^*	0.79	0.34	0.11	0.021
Psychological	Anxiety: HADS-A	0.3	0.02	0.57	0.000^*	0.26	0.03	0.51	0.000^*	0.13	0.03	0.26	0.000^*	0.48
disability	Pain: NRS	0.47	0.05	0.52	0.000^*	0.41	0.05	0.44	0.000^*	0.22	0.05	0.24	0.000^*
	Treatment: TCS & other TTx	2.29	0.41	0.42	0.000^*	2.09	0.39	0.38	0.000^*	0.88	0.35	0.16	0.013
	Depression: HADS-D	0.32	0.03	0.52	0.000^*	0.29	0.03	0.48	0.000^*	0.1	0.04	0.16	0.013
	older age	–0.03	0.01	–0.14	0.013	–0.04	0.01	–0.19	0.002^*	–0.02	0.01	–0.13	0.009
	Ethnicity: Black	2.1	0.68	0.18	0.002^*	1.74	0.66	0.15	0.002^*	1.05	0.52	0.09	0.043
Social disability	Pain: NRS	0.37	0.04	0.46	0.000^*	0.34	0.04	0.43	0.000^*	0.18	0.05	0.22	0.000^*	0.38
	Anxiety: HADS-A	0.21	0.02	0.46	0.000^*	0.2	0.03	0.44	0.000^*	0.08	0.03	0.18	0.012
	Treatment: TCS	1.22	0.31	0.3	0.000^*	1.32	0.31	0.33	0.000^*	0.69	0.28	0.17	0.016
	Stress: PSS-10	0.13	0.01	0.48	0.000^*	0.12	0.01	0.45	0.000^*	0.04	0.02	0.16	0.017
	Treatment: TCS & other TTx	1.62	0.36	0.34	0.000^*	1.55	0.36	0.32	0.000^*	0.68	0.34	0.14	0.049
	Treatment: systemic tx	2.25	0.66	0.3	0.001^*	2.38	0.66	0.22	0.000^*	1.55	0.57	0.14	0.007
Handicap	Anxiety: HADS-A	0.22	0.02	0.52	0.000^*	0.2	0.02	0.48	0.000^*	0.11	0.03	0.26	0.000^*	0.38
	Pain: NRS	0.32	0.04	0.43	0.000^*	0.26	0.04	0.36	0.000^*	0.16	0.04	0.21	0.000^*
	Depression: HADS-D	0.25	0.02	0.51	0.000^*	0.22	0.03	0.46	0.000^*	0.08	0.03	0.15	0.023

Bold value = P-value < 0.05.

Italic variables are significant variables at multivariale model.

TCS, topical corticosteroids; TTx, topical treatment.

^†

Only independent variables with P-value < 0.05 in multivariate model are displayed in the table.

^‡

Adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, smoking, alcohol consumption and number of disease co-morbidities.

^⁎

Statistical significance at Bonferroni-corrected P-value < 0.003.