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. 2022 Jul 11;13(7):592. doi: 10.1038/s41419-022-05027-w

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — A Map of the promoter location in the TFRC gene. B Construction map of the TFRC promoter plasmid. C Construction map of the firefly luciferase reporter plasmid. D The activity of the TFRC promoter in the CVB3 group was significantly higher than that in the mock group based on luciferase reporter assay results. E mRNA level of Sp1 was consistent with that of TFRC at various CVB3 infection times by qPCR. F Effect of Sp1 knockdown and overexpression at the mRNA level determined by qPCR. G The influence of Sp1 upregulation and downregulation on TFRC mRNA expression via qPCR. H, I The effect of Sp1 upregulation and downregulation on TFRC protein expression. J Downregulation of Sp1 reduced the activity of the TFRC promoter by Luciferase Reporter Assay. K Upregulation of Sp1 enhanced the activity of TFRC promoter by Luciferase Reporter Assay. L Chromatin from HeLa cell lysis buffer was subjected to agarose electrophoresis before and after sonication in the ChIP experiment. M The three potential binding sites (BS) for Sp1 within the promoter region of TFRC predicted by JASPAR (http://jaspar.genereg.net/). N, O The binding sites for the transcription factor Sp1 in the TFRC promoter were verified via ChIP-PCR agarose gel electrophoresis (white arrows—indicate binding sites). The input group included total chromatin samples, and IgG served as the negative control. In the IP- Sp1group, the results showed that objective bends (150 bp) only emerged at BS1. All results are expressed as the mean ± SD. *p < 0.05 vs. the mock group, ** p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. n = 3.