. 2022 Jul 12;12:11810. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-14683-z

Table 2.

Small intestine histomorphometrical parameters from normal (NW) and intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) male littermate pigs throughout the production phases.

Parameters	Birth			26 days			70 days			150 days
Parameters	NW (n = 8)	IUGR (n = 8)	P-value	NW (n = 10)	IUGR (n = 10)	P-value	NW (n = 10)	IUGR (n = 10)	P-value	NW (n = 10)	IUGR (n = 10)	P-value
Duodenum
Villus height (µm)	416 ± 12^a	398 ± 10^a	0.342	334 ± 47^a	323 ± 47^a	0.875	313 ± 23^a	193 ± 23^b	0.007	395 ± 39^a	246 ± 39^b	0.036
Crypt depth (µm)	125 ± 7^a	111 ± 7^a	0.217	324 ± 15^a	288 ± 15^a	0.140	441 ± 21^a	526 ± 15^b	0.023	567 ± 70^a	555 ± 70^a	0.909
Mucosal height (µm)	557 ± 53^a	571 ± 29^a	0.348	536 ± 103^a	486 ± 115^a	0.476	833 ± 37^a	785 ± 37^a	0.433	1054 ± 208^a	1236 ± 205^a	0.355
Villus/crypt ratio	3.4 ± 0.3^a	4.0 ± 0.3^a	0.192	1.0 ± 0.1^a	0.9 ± 0.1^a	0.760	0.7 ± 0.1^a	0.4 ± 0.1^b	0.002	0.7 ± 0.1^a	0.5 ± 0.1^a	0.110
V.S.A (mm²)	0.61 ± 0.07^a	0.47 ± 0.07^a	0.194	0.13 ± 0.02^a	0.12 ± 0.0^a	0.903	0.015 ± 0.02^a	0.07 ± 0.02^b	0.012	0.25 ± 0.02^a	0.13 ± 0.02^b	0.006
Absorptive area	0.030 ± 0.004^a	0.024 ± 0.004^a	0.620	0.06 ± 0.01^a	0.05 ± 0.01^a	0.350	0.09 ± 0.01^a	0.06 ± 0.01^b	0.034	0.080 ± 0.004^a	0.050 ± 0.004^b	0.002
G.C/crypt (mm²)	3415 ± 350^a	3306 ± 477^a	0.714	3222 ± 169^a	2862 ± 252^a	0.683	2748 ± 257^a	3209 ± 481^a	0.522	4238 ± 254 ^a	4145 ± 256 ^a	0.785
Jejunum
Villus height (µm)	760 ± 52^a	577 ± 48^a	0.455	249 ± 20^a	225 ± 9^a	0.914	372 ± 21^a	337 ± 19^a	0.882	395 ± 39^a	246 ± 39^a	0.587
Crypt depth (µm)	100 ± 2^a	73 ± 3^a	0.221	201 ± 21^a	184 ± 13^a	0.467	328 ± 31^a	326 ± 18^a	0.667	567 ± 70^a	555 ± 70^a	0.9888
Mucosal height (µm)	328 ± 102^a	665 ± 44^a	0.144	560 ± 31^a	540 ± 36^a	0.835	755 ± 32^a	655 ± 32^a	0.469	1054 ± 208^a	1236 ± 205^a	0.588
Villus/crypt ratio	8.7 ± 0.7^a	7.8 ± 0.4^a	0.423	1.3 ± 0.1^a	1.1 ± 0.0^a	0.766	1.2 ± 0.1^a	1.0 ± 0.1^a	0.651	0.7 ± 0.1^a	0.5 ± 0.1^a	0.833
V.S.A (mm²)	0.07 ± 0.10^a	0.06 ± 0.04^a	0.645	0.04 ± 0.01^a	0.03 ± 0.01^a	0.844	0.06 ± 0.01^a	0.06 ± 0.01^a	0.977	0.25 ± 0.02^a	0.13 ± 0.02^a	0.566
Absorptive area	0.030 ± 0.001^a	0.030 ± 0.001^a	0.894	0.040 ± 0.004^a	0.030 ± 0.001^a	0.721	0.010 ± 0.002^a	0.010 ± 0.002^a	0.945	0.080 ± 0.004^a	0.050 ± 0.004^a	0.760
G.C/crypt (mm²)	2455 ± 310^a	3104 ± 277^a	0.521	3215 ± 157^a	2562 ± 252^a	0.682	2345 ± 257^a	3217 ± 281^a	0.562	3615 ± 244^a	3288 ± 235^a	0.185

Villus/crypt ratio: villus height/crypt depth.

V.S.A villus surface area. G.C/crypt goblet cell number per crypt.

^abWithin the same age, least square means with different superscripts within a row differ (P < 0.05).