Table 2.

Description of study measures

Measure	Description	Prompt	Scale	Sample descriptive, mean (standard deviation)/%
COVID measures
Physical interaction	Degree of physical interaction during COVID	Since the Coronavirus pandemic, besides your immediate family (the people you live with), how much physical contact have you had with others in the last 2 weeks?	Scaled 1 = almost no outside contact to 4 = normal contact	2.03 (0.91)
Use of food bank	Use of food bank during COVID	In the last 2 weeks, how often have you or your family depended on a local food bank, church, or school for food during the Coronavirus pandemic due to money issues?	Scaled 1 = did not use to 4 = used often (more than once a week)	1.43 (0.79)
Change in money situation	Change in money situation due to COVID	How would you describe the money situation in your family BEFORE the Coronavirus pandemic? How would you describe the money situation in your family AFTER the Coronavirus pandemic?	Response 1 = comfortable to 3 = not enough money to pay the bills. Scaled as the difference between before/after with −1 = got worse, 0 = stayed the same, 1 = got better	−0.11 (0.50)
Job loss/reduced hours	Lost job or reduced hours of immediate family member due to COVID	Because of the Coronavirus pandemic, did anyone in your immediate family (people you live with) lose their job or have their hours reduced?	1 = yes, 0 = no	43.7%
Loneliness	Degree of loneliness due to COVID	How often have you felt lonely because of the Coronavirus?	Scaled 1 = not at all to 4 = a whole lot	2.11 (1.06)
Increased difficulty with family	Degree of family relationship difficulty due to COVID	How much has your relationship with your family been more difficult since the Coronavirus pandemic?	Scaled 1 = not at all to 4 = a whole lot	1.82 (0.89)
Stress	Stress level during COVID	In general, how stressed have you been during the Coronavirus pandemic?	Scaled 1 = not at all to 4 = a whole lot	2.15 (0.97)
Mental health symptoms
Anxiety	Generalized Anxiety Disorder subscale of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders	In general, how true are the following statements about you: I am nervous	Mean of 9 items, scaled 1 = not true/hardly ever true to 3 = very true/often true	1.89 (0.53)
Depression	Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression Scale	Below is a list of the ways you might have felt or behaved. How often have you felt this way during the past week?	Mean of 10 items, scaled 1 = rarely or never (<1 day) to 4 = more or all of the time (5–7 days)	1.87 (0.55)
Substance use
Alcohol use	Past year alcohol use	In the past year, have you ever used: alcohol (more than a few sips)	Coded 1 = yes, 0 = no	14.1%
Episodic heavy drinking	Episodic heavy drinking in the last month	Binge drinking is defined as 5 or more drinks for boys and 4 or more drinks for girls. In the past month, how many days would you say your participated in binge drinking?	Coded 1 = 1 or more days, 0 = 0 days	3.4%
Marijuana use	Past year marijuana use	In the past year, have you ever used: marijuana	Coded 1 = yes, 0 = no	10.0%
Hard drug use	Past year hard drug use	In the past year, have you ever used: synthetic marijuana, cocaine, amphetamines, inhalants, hallucinogens, over-the-counter cold or cough medicine with the intent of getting high, ecstasy	Seven drug use items, coded 1 = yes to any, 0 = no to all	4.6%
Rx drug misuse	Past year Rx drug misuse	In the past year, have you ever used: prescription pain medications such as oxycodone, hydrocodone, codeine, morphine, fentanyl, or Adderall, Ritalin, Xanax, or Valium, not prescribed to you or in an amount more than directed	Four Rx drug use items (not prescribed, more than prescribed), coded 1 = yes to any, 0 = no to all	3.2%
e-Cigarette use	Past year e-cigarette use	In the past year, have you ever used: electronic cigarettes (e-cigs, vapors, JUUL)	Coded 1 = yes, 0 = no	8.3%

Rx = medical prescription.